Studied by 12 people
What was Montgomery known as?
the ‘Cradle of Confederacy’
What was Rosa Park’s job?
Secretary for the Montgomery branch of the NAACP
Who was the president of the Alabam State branch of the NAACP?
E.D. Nixon
Who was the president of the Women’s political council?
Jo Ann Robinson
Who was responsible for the planning of the Rosa Parks plan to not give up her seat?
E.D. Nixon and Jo Ann Robinson
What was MLK’s first speech?
The keynote speech
Why was MLK asked to deliver the keynote speech?
His high education and eloquency of speech
Where was the start of the Bus Boycott?
Montgomery, Alabama
When was the beginning of the Bus Boycott?
December 1st 1955
Give examples of the extent segregation in Montgomery
seperate taxis, water fountains, and obviously buses
Where did the whites sit in the bus?
At the front
Where did the blacks sit in the bus?
at the back
If more white people got on the bus what were black people forced to do?
Give up their seat
What did rosa parks say to the white man who asked for her seat
“I shouldn’t think I have to stand up”
How long was the bus boycott meant to last?
1 day
How long did it take to organise 40 000 people to do the boycott?
2 days
Who distributed the boycott notices?
Jo Ann Robinson and the Women’s Political council
How did they spread awareness about the bus boycott?
Through notices put up around the city
How many notices were printed?
35,000 copies
Where did everyone meet after the first day of the Bus boycott?
Holt Street Baptist Church
What was the voting tally to continue the boycott?
Unanimous
How old was MLK when he gave the keynote speech?
26
Who headed the Montgomery Improvement association (MIA) and the Bus Boycott?
MLK
How long did MLK have to prepare the speech?
20 minutes
What did MLK preach at the keynote speech?
Justice, Freedom, and Equality
What did MLK say their weapon was at the keynote speech?
Peaceful Protest
What did MLK claim the bus Boycott was inherently supported by?
The supreme court, the consitution of the USA, and God
What was the fraction of black people that travelled on buses before the boycott?
2/3
What system was devised to transport black people around without using buses?
A carpool system
How did the carpool system work?
Black people volunteered cars and the times they were free. People would call in and say their location, a car would then be sent to them.
Giva examples of violence used to attack the boycott?
Shots fired at buses, bomb thrown at MLK’s and E.D. Nixon’s home
How does MLK feel about the violence towards him
“this is a great cause […] that we are comfronted with, and that the consequences for my personal life are not particularly important, it is the triumph of the cause I am concerned about”
What was considered the backbone of the boycott?
The nightly meetings in the church
What is the name of MLK’s wife?
Coretta Scott King
Who was the main demographic attending the mass meetings in the church?
Cooks, maids, … whoever took the bus the most
Who was the first person to speek at the mass meetings?
Dr. Abernathy
What could Dr. Abernathy do?
Make them laugh or cry
What was MLK’s style of speech
formal and thoughtful
What did MLK mostly preach throughout his life?
Love, the most you can make out of your enemy is a friend
Who was the Senator of Mississippi?
James Eastland
Which association went against the boycott?
The White Citizens Council
What did the White Citizens council do against the boycott?
Hold rallies and targeted black and white people who supported the boycott
Why didn’t white people want to accept segregation
They didn’t want to change or dishonour their ancestors who fought against integration
What did the White Citizens Council declare the boycott to be?
Unconstitutional
How did the white officials respond to the pressure of the White Citizens council declaration of the boycott being unlawful?
They incarcerated 90 black leaders under an old anti-boycott law
How did the arrest of 90 black leaders under the anti-boycott law backfire?
It brought press attention
How far did some boycotters walk?
over 8 miles a day
Who would sometimes pick up black people walking on the side of the road to avoid the buses?
White ladies
Who in particular would the white ladies pick up?
Their maids
Which police commissioner told black people to continue to obey all segregation laws in Alabama
Clyde Seller
What southern cities desegrated buses?
Richmond - virginia, little rock - arkansas, dallas - texas
Where else did a bus boycott start
Tallahassee, Florida
What did the combined boycotts achieve
The shutting down of bus companies
What association held highly visible rallies in Montgomery?
The KKK
When did the Supreme court rule that the Bus Boycott was unconstitutional?
November 13th 1956
What did MLK suggest the next steps were after the ruling of the supreme court?
That they should stop the bus boycott and return to the buses in a non-segregated state
What was the voting tallies of the ending of the bus boycott and the return to buses in an unsegregated fashion?
Unanimous, all stood
How long did the Bus Boycott last?
11 months
What was Rosa Parks reasoning for joinging the bus boycott
She was protesting the lynching of Emmett Till
Note
Flashcard