chem unit 5 kinetics

What must happen for a reaction to occur?

Particles must collide at the correct orientation & with a minimum energy to break bonds

How to write a rate law for an elementary step?

2A + B → C  + D           Rate = k[A]²[B]¹

Units for 1st order rate constant (k)

s^-1

Units for 2nd order rate constant (k)

M^-1s^-1

When is 1st order graph linear?

ln[A]

When is 2nd order graph linear?

1/[A]

What are the 5 ways to speed up a reaction

Add a catalyst, Increase reactant concentration, Increase surface area, Increase pressure of gases, increase temperature.

½ life for 1st order?

t_1/2 = 0.693/k      

True or False; A 1^st order reaction has a constant half-life regardless of the initial concentration.

True

On a graph, when can you tell a reaction is slow (based off of activation energy)?

If the ‘hill’ is tall.

Which elementary step dictates the speed of the reaction and the rate law.

The slow step

True or False; Intermediates are produced in one step and used up in a later step.

True

True or False; Catalysts are used up in one step, and produced in a later step.

True