History Exam

Anaconda Plan

Union war plan by Winfield Scott, called for blockade of southern coast, capture of Richmond, capture Mississippi R, and to take an army through heart of south

Atlanta

The capture of what city aided Lincoln's re-election?

Appomattox Court House

Confederates surrender here

Bull Run

First battle of the civil war

Compromise of 1877

Ended Reconstruction. Republicans promise 1) Remove military from South, 2) Appoint Democrat to cabinet (David Key postmaster general), 3) Federal money for railroad construction and levees on Mississippi river

Jefferson Davis

President of the CSA

Freedman's Bereau

Assisted freed slaves in many areas such as food, housing, and clothing

Harper's Ferry

John Brown's scheme to invade the South with armed slaves, backed by sponsoring, northern abolitionists; seized the federal arsenal; Brown and remnants were caught by Robert E. Lee and the US Marines; Brown was hanged

Gettysburg Adress

Adress to the Union to increase moral and remind everyone why we were fighting the war

Imperialism

Establishing empires and colonies

Robert E. Lee

Confederate General during the Civil War

Total War

Destroying everything in your path in war

Where the Battle of the Crater happened

Petersburg

15th Amendment

Allowed African American men to vote

Brown vs Board of Education

1954- court decision that declared state laws segregating schools to be unconstitutional. Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)

Brain Trust

A group of advisors appointed to a politician or similar figure

"lightning war" A coordinated attack by land and air

Blitzkrieg

Civil Rights Act

JFK pushed this bill; it was not passed until after he had died

Domino Theory

If one Asian nation falls to Communism, they all will

Operation Overlord

D-Day code name

Franz Ferdinand

Archduke of Austria who was assassinated; started World War I

14th Amendment

Granted citizenship to all people that were born or naturalized in the U.S.

Midway

Turning point in the pacific for World War II

Guadelcanal

First U.S. offensive in the war

Marshall Plan

Americans sent $13 billion worth of economic aid to European countries post WW II

TVA

Organization made to increase the navigability of the Tennessee River, as well as reforestation and power.

Lend-Lease Act

Countries can borrow weapons but they must be returned or replaced

Charles Lindenburg

First person to fly solo and non-stop across atlantic

Plessy vs Ferguson

a case that was brought to supreme court by black lawsuits to challenge the legality of segregation. The court ruled that segregation was legal as long as it was "equal"

Bull Halsey

First commander of the Enterprise

Chauchat

French Machine Gun used in the defense of France in WW II

Enfield

Rifle used by the South

flak

anti aircraft fire

MG 42, Hitler's Buzz Saw

Main German machine gun used in World War II

Lindon B. Johnson

served 1963-1968, took over when JFK was assassinated, elected to one term

Theodore Roosevelt

26th president, known for: conservationism, trust-busting, Hepburn Act, safe food regulations, "Square Deal," Panama Canal, Great White Fleet, Nobel Peace Prize for negotiation of peace in Russo-Japanese War

Mini Ball

Rifle ball used in the Civil War

Rifling

The spiral grooves formed in the bore of a firearm barrel that impart spin to the projectile when it is fired

Springfield

Rifle used mainly by the north

Woodrow Wilson

28th president of the United States, known for World War I leadership, created Federal Reserve, Federal Trade Commission, Clayton Antitrust Act, progressive income tax, lower tariffs, women's suffrage (reluctantly), Treaty of Versailles, sought 14 points post-war plan, League of Nations (but failed to win U.S. ratification), won Nobel Peace Prize

Harry S. Truman

The 33rd U.S. president, who succeeded Franklin D. Roosevelt upon Roosevelt's death in April 1945. Led the country through the last few months of World War II, is best known for making the controversial decision to use two atomic bombs against Japan in August 1945. After the war, he was crucial in the implementation of the Marshall Plan, which greatly accelerated Western Europe's economic recovery.

Bangalore Torpedo

Type of "Bunker Buster" used in World War II; ends with an o

Herbert Hoover

(1929-1933) The New York Stock Market Crashes October 29, 1929 "Black Tuesday". The 20th Amendment is passed and added and the 21st Amendment is passed by 1933.

William McKinley

25th president, responsible for Spanish-American War, Philippine-American War, and the Annexation of Hawaii, imperialism. Is assassinated by an anarchist

Warren G. Harding

return to normalcy

Andrew Johnson

17th President of the United States, A Southerner form Tennessee, as V.P. when Lincoln was killed, he became president. He opposed radical Republicans who passed Reconstruction Acts over his veto. The first U.S. president to be impeached, he survived the Senate removal by only one vote. He was a very weak president.

Underground Railroad

a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada

Knew the land, defensive war, cotton diplomacy

Confederate Advantages; list 3

More troops, more food, more supplies

Northern Advantages; list 3

Gettysburg

Turning point of the War that made it clear the North would win. 50,000 people died, and the South lost its chance to invade the North.

Stonewall Jackson

Commander of the Confederate Army that led troops at Bull Run (Got "stonewall" there). He died in the confusion at the Battle of Chancellorsville.

Fort Henry

Grant's first military success. The fort lay on the Tennessee River.

Fort Donelson

The second Confederate fort taken by General Grant on the Kentucky-Tennessee border

Radical Republicans

After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South.

Bessemer Process

A way to manufacture steel very quickly and for little money

Platt Amendment

Legislation that severely restricted Cuba's sovereignty and gave the US the right to intervene if Cuba got into trouble

Queen Liliuokalani

the Hawaiian queen who was forced out of power by a revolution started by American business interests

Yellow Journalism

Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers

Spanish American War

In 1898, a conflict between the United States and Spain, in which the U.S. supported the Cubans' fight for independence

Teller Amendent

Called for war against Spain

Open Door Policy

Nations in Asia should trade with everyone

Upton Sinclair

muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen.

Federal Reserve Act

a 1913 law that set up a system of federal banks and gave government the power to control the money supply

WW I (pre-war)

Tensions were very heightened; many alliances, no one trusted each other

Central Powers

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire

Sussex Pledge

German promise to America to not attack civilian vessels

Allied Powers (WW I)

U.S., Britain, France, Italy, Russia

Warren Harding

Campaigned a return to normalcy for his presidential election

Great Depression

Stock Market Crash of 1929 led to this

Buying on the Margin

paying a small percentage of a stock's price as a down payment and borrowing the rest

Munich Conference

Conference between Germany, Italy, Britain, and France in which Germany promised they would not annex any more territories.

Non-Aggression Pact

Agreement between Germany and the USSR to not attack each other and to divide Poland

Battle of the Bulge

Last German offensive of the war

General McCullough and 101st airborne division trapped

Bastogne, Belgium

Axis Powers

Germany, Italy, Japan

D-Day

Allied invasion of France on June 6, 1944

Freedom Riders

A group of people who rode segregated busses and faced intense violence, discrimination, and hate for what they did.

Trans Continental Railroad

Completed in 1869 at Promontory, Utah, it linked the eastern railroad system with California's railroad system, revolutionizing transportation in the west

Sioux Indians

Native American group who lived on the Great Plains long before the pioneers arrived

Ghost Dance

A religious dance of native Americans looking for communication with the dead

Totalitarian State

A country who controls everything about the lives of it's citizens

Sept. 1, 1939

What day, month, and year did Nazi Germany invade Poland

Defend the mainland at all costs

What was the Japanese strategy in the Pacific

John Patterson

Who was the governor of Alabama during the Freedom Rides

Ross Barnett

Who was the governor of Mississippi during the Freedom Rides

Parchman Prison

What Prison in Mississippi were the Freedom Riders sent to

Topeka Kansas

Where Brown vs Board of Edu. took place

MLK

Most well known civil rights leader; assassinated in Memphis

Omaha

The Union Pacific started from what location in building the Transcontinental Railroad

Sacramento

The Central Pacific started from what location in building the Transcontinental Railroad

Ireland

Immigrants from this country worked for the Union Pacific

China

Immigrants from this country worked for the Central Pacific

Homestead Act

Act that provided 160 acres for $10 to encourage growth in the West

Gold

What was discovered in the Black Hills on Cheyenne and Sioux land that led to conflict between the U.S. and native Americans

Sierra Nevada

Theodore Judah engineered the railroad through these mountains

"Done"

One word telegram delivered on the completion of the Transcontinental Railroad

locusts

This prehistoric species moved from the Rockies across the United States in 1874

Wisconsin

Name 1 of the three states where lumber was drawn from in order to build homes

Spain

Horses came from this country in 1493 and transformed American Indian society

Norway

1/3 of this countries population came to America to work in the lumber industry