Intro Anatomy and Physiology

Anatomy

The study of body structures (observations)

Physiology

A study of body functions (experiments)

Superior

Above

Inferior

Below

Anterior

Front

Ventral

Front

Posterior

Back

Dorsal

Back

Medial

Middle

Lateral

Towards a side

Intermediate

Between

Proximal

Closer to the point of attatchment

Distal

Farther from the point of attatchment

Superficial

Towards the surface

Deep

Away from the surface

Supine

Body laying face up

Prone

Body laying face down

Nasal

Nose

Oral

Mouth

Cervical

Neck

Acromial

Point of shoulder

Axillary

Armpit

Mammary

Breast

Brachial

Arm

Antecubital

Front of elbow

Abdominal

Abdomen

Pelvic

Pelvis

Antebrachial

Forearm

Carpal

Wrist

Palmar

Palm

Digital

Fingers and toes

Pubic

Genital region

Patellar

Knee cap

Crural

Leg (shin)

Pedal

Foot

Tarsal

Ankle

Frontal

Forehead

Orbital

Eyes

Buccal

Cheek

Mental

Chin

Sternal

Breastone

Thoracic

Chest

Umbilical

Belly button (navel)

Inguinal

Groin

Coxal

Hip

Femoral

Thigh

Peroneal

Side of leg

Cephalic

Head

Upper extremity

Arms

Lower extremity

Legs

Otic

Ear

Occipital

Back of head, base of skull

Vertebral

Spinal column

Scapular

Shoulder blade

Brachial

Arm (upper arm)

Dorsum

Back

Olecranal

Back of elbow

Lumbar

Lower back (loin)

Sacral

Between hips

Gluteal

Butt

Perineal

Region between anus and external genitalia

Popliteal

Back of knee

Sural

Calf

Calcaneal

Heel

Plantar

Sole

Sagittal plane

Divides into right and left

Midsagittal plane

Center, divides exactly left and right

Parasagittal plane

Off center sagittal plane

Frontal plane

Vertical, divides anterior and posterior

Coronal plane

Vertical, divides anterior and posterior

Transverse plane

Horizontal, divides superior and inferior

Oblique plane

Divides diagonally

Doral Body Cavity

Cranial cavity and vertebral

Cranial cavity

Has the brain

Vertebral cavity

Holds the spinal chord

Ventral body cavity

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

Thoracic cavity

Pleural cavity and pericardial cavity

Pleural cavity

Lungs

Pericardial cavity

Heart

Abdominopelvic cavity

Abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity

Abdominal cavity

Digestive organs and kidneys

Pelvic cavity

Bladder, rectum, and reproductive organs

Parietal membrane

Outer membrane, lines cavity wall

Visceral membrane

Inner membrane, lines organ surface

Serous fluid

Lubricating film found between parietal and visceral membranes

Naming membranes

1. visceral or parietal

2. location of membrane (cavity {?})

Regions of the stomach

Right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac, right lumbar, umbilical, left lumbar, right iliac, hypogastric, left iliac

Right hypochondriac

Liver, colon

Epigastric

Stomach, small intestines, large intestines

Right lumbar

Small and large intestine

Umbilical region

Small and large intestine

Left lumbar

Small and large intestine

Right iliac

Appendix, large and small intestine

hypogastric region

Bladder, rectum, reproductive, small and large intestine

Left iliac

Small and large intestine

Homeostasis

Body balance

Negative feedback

Any deviation from what is normal is made smaller or is resisted

Positive feedback

Deviation from normal keeps going, something has to shut it off