Digestive System

Organs of the Digestive System, Layers of the GI Tract, Mouth and Pharynx, Stomach and Esophagus, Liver, Gallbladder, and Pancreas

Organs of the Digestive System

1.

Salivary glands (descending order)
Parotid Gland

Sublingual Gland

Submandibular Gland

2.

Pharynx

3.

Esophagus

4.

Liver

5.

Gallbladder

6.

Large Intestine

7.

Mouth (oral cavity)

Stomach

9.

Pancreas

10.

Small Intestine

11.

Anus

Mucosa

2.

Submucosa

3.

Muscularis

4.

Serosa

Hard palate (bony) - forms most of the roof of the mouth.

2.

Soft palate (muscular) - forms the rest of the mouth’s roof.

3.

Uvula - closes nasal cavity during swallowing

4.

Cheek - forms lateral wall of oral cavity

5.

Oral vestibule - space between the cheeks, lips, gums, and teeth

6.

Superior lip (lifted upward)

7.

Fauces - opening between the oral cavity and oropharynx

8.

Palatine tonsil (between the arches)

9.

Tongue - Floor of the oral cavity

10.

Gingivae (gums) - cover tooth sockets and help to anchor teeth

Inferior labial frenulum - attaches inferior lip to gum

12.

Inferior lip (pulled down)

Nasopharynx

Soft Palate

Uvula

Fauces

Oropharynx

Laryngopharynx

Esophagus

Hard palate

Oral cavity

Tongue

Lesser curvature

Body

Cardia

Lower esophageal sphincter

Esophagus

Fundus

Longitudinal muscle layer

Circular muscle layer

Oblique muscle layer

Greater curvature

Rugae (folds)

Pyloric antrum

Pyloric canal

Pyloric sphincter

Pylorus

Small intestine

• absorb nutrients

  • Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum

    • Intestinal villi – increase surface area to enhance absorption

Small intestine

1. duodenum

2. ascending colon

3. jejunum

4. ileum

5. stomach

6. transverse colon

7. descending colon

8. rectum

right hepatic flexure

Ascending colon

Ileum

Ileocecal sphincter

Cecum

Appendix

Rectum

Transverse colon

Splenic flexure

Descending colon

Teniae coli

Epiploic appendages

Haustra

Sigmoid colon

Anal canal

Anus

Rectum

Anal canal

Internal anal sphincter

External anal sphincter

Anal Column

Anus

Liver

• large organ that lies inferior to the diaphragm in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen.

  • Filters blood and produces bile

Gallbladder

small pouch-like organ that stores and concentrates bile

Pancreas

• composed of a head, body, and tail and lies in the c-shape curve of the duodenum.

  • Secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate into the duodenum.