Chemistry: Ionic, Molecular, Hydrates, and Acid Nomenclature

What type of compounds do non-metals form with other non-metals?

Molecular compounds

What type of compounds do non-metals form with metals?

Ionic compounds

What is a binary compound?

A compound containing the atoms of only two elements.

What are binary ionic compounds?

Compounds that contain only two types of monatomic ions.

How is the name of an ionic compound structured?

The name of the metal ion followed by the name of the non-metal ion.

What is the name of the compound formed from sodium ions and chloride ions?

Sodium chloride

What are positively charged ions called?

Cations

What are negatively charged ions called?

Anions

How should the charge of an ion be written?

The sign of the ion charge (+ or -) is written after the numeral.

What happens when particles with equal but opposite charges bond together?

Their charges cancel to yield a product with a net charge of zero.

What does the formula Al2S3 indicate?

There are 2 Al3+ ions for every 3 S2- ions.

What is the cross-over method used for?

Determining the formula of ionic compounds by matching up opposite charges.

What are multivalent ions?

Elements that have two or more possible valence shell electron configurations.

How is the iron(II) ion represented?

Fe2+

How is the iron(III) ion represented?

Fe3+

What suffix is used for the lesser charge of multivalent ions?

-ous

What suffix is used for the greater charge of multivalent ions?

-ic

What is the formula of tin(IV) sulfide?

SnS2

What is the first step in determining the name of a binary ionic compound from its formula?

Write the names of the two constituent ions.

What is a polyatomic ion?

A charged group of covalently bonded atoms.

What are oxyanions?

Polyatomic ions that consist of an atom of a given element and oxygen atoms.

What suffix is used for the polyatomic ion with the lesser number of oxygen atoms?

-ite

What suffix is used for the polyatomic ion with the greater number of oxygen atoms?

-ate

What is the significance of polyatomic ions in chemical reactions?

They often remain intact and play important roles in various environments.

What is the formula for nitrite?

NO2-

What is the formula for nitrate?

NO3-

What is the formula for sulfite?

SO3^2-

What is the formula for sulfate?

SO4^2-

What prefixes indicate polyatomic ions with less or more oxygen atoms?

Hypo- (less than) and per- (more than)

What is the formula for hypochlorite?

ClO-

What is the formula for chlorate?

ClO3-

What is the formula for perchlorate?

ClO4-

What does the prefix 'bi-' indicate in a polyatomic ion?

It adds an H+ to the ion.

What is the formula for hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)?

HCO3-

What is the formula for hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate)?

HSO4-

What is the only polyatomic ion with an -ide suffix?

Hydroxide (OH-)

What is the formula for dichromate?

Cr2O7^2-

How are ionic compounds formed?

By the association of charged polyatomic ions with oppositely charged ions.

What does the formula Ca(NO3)2 indicate?

There are two nitrate ions bonded to one calcium ion.

What does the formula Ca(OH)2 indicate?

There are two hydroxide ions for each calcium ion.

What is the name of the ionic compound ZnCr2O7?

Zinc dichromate.

What is the name of the ionic compound NaClO2?

Sodium chlorite.

What is the formula for potassium sulfite?

K2SO3.

What is the name of Cr(HSO4)2?

Chromium(II) bisulfate.

What is the formula for barium sulfate?

BaSO4.

What is the formula for silver nitrate?

AgNO3.

What is the prefix for 4 in molecular compounds?

Tetra-.

What is the formula for xenon tetrafluoride?

XeF4.

What is the name of the molecular compound P4S10?

Tetraphosphorus decasulfide.

What is the prefix for 1 in molecular compounds?

Mono-.

What is the prefix for 2 in molecular compounds?

Di-.

What is the formula for nitrogen monoxide?

NO

What is the formula for nitrogen dioxide?

NO2

What is the formula for dinitrogen tetroxide?

N2O4

What is the formula for dinitrogen trioxide?

N2O3

What is the name of PCl5?

Phosphorus pentachloride

What is the name of SO2?

Sulfur dioxide

What is the name of CO?

Carbon monoxide

What is the name of P2O5?

Diphosphorus pentoxide

What are hydrates?

Salts that incorporate water molecules in a fixed ratio into their ionic crystal lattice.

What does the term 'anhydrous' refer to?

The form of the salt without water.

What is a desiccant?

A hygroscopic substance used to absorb moisture from the air.

What is the formula for copper(II) sulfate heptahydrate?

CuSO4•7H2O

What is the name of NaCH3COO•3H2O?

Sodium acetate trihydrate

What is the formula for barium chloride dihydrate?

BaCl2•2H2O

What is the formula for sodium carbonate monohydrate?

Na2CO3•H2O

What is the formula for iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate?

Fe(NO3)3•9H2O

What is the formula for barium hydroxide octahydrate?

Ba(OH)2•8H2O

What is the name of CoCl2 •6H2O?

Cobalt(II) chloride hexahydrate

What is the name of FeCl3 •4H2O?

Iron(III) chloride tetrahydrate

What is the name of Na2Cr2O7 •2H2O?

Sodium dichromate dihydrate

What is the name of MgSO4 •7H2O?

Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate

What is the formula for hydrobromic acid?

HBr

What is the formula for phosphoric acid?

H3PO4

What is the formula for hypochlorous acid?

HClO

What is the formula for hydrosulfuric acid?

H2S

What is the name of HCH3COO?

Acetic acid

What is the name of H2CO3?

Carbonic acid

What is the name of H2SO3?

Sulfurous acid

What is the name of HI?

Hydroiodic acid