Afro-American Music Exam 4

who was the civil rights movement initiated by?

the youth

all songs from the civil rights era came from ____

the Black Church

examples of civil rights songs

Ain’t Gonna Let Nobody Turn Me ‘Round

Keep Your Eyes on the Prize (derived from negro spiritual Hold On)

Oh Freedom

Dog Dog

anthem: We Shall Over Come (church song “I’ll Be Alright”

music served as ____ of the civil rights movement

the inspiration and driving force

protest areas

Albany, GA

Little Rock, AK

Birmingham, AL

Montgomery, AL

Selma, AL

other songs that did not come from the church

genre: 1960s soul

I’m Black and I’m Proud - James Brown

Think - Aretha Franklin

Move On Up - Curtis Mayfield

We’re a Winner - Curtis Mayfield

I’ll Take You There - The Staple Singers

To Be Young Gifted and Black - Nina Simone

several non-black artists who made music

If I Had a Hammer - Paul and Mary

The Answer is Blowing in the Wind - Bob Dylan

1900s jazz

Dixieland and New Orleans jazz

mid 1920s & 1930s

swing jazz - Duke Ellington, Count Basie, Cab Calloway

1940s

bebop jazz - Dizzy Gillespie, Thelonious Monk, Charlie Parker

1950s jazz

cool jazz - Miles Davis, John Coltrane

1960s jazz

avant garde and modern jazz

before 1949

race records

1949

rhythm and blues

1950s

rock n roll

1960s

soul

1970s

disco, funk, hip hop

who founded Motown Records & when?

Berry Gordy in 1959

Motown Records hits

Shop Around - Smokey Robinson and the Miracles (1960)

Mr. Postman - The Marvelettes (1961)

Heat Wave - Martha Reeves & the Vandellas (1963)

Motown became known as the _____

Detroit Sound

Two lasting successful Motown Records groups

The Temptations and The Supremes (The Primettes originally)

differences between rhythm & blues and soul

r&b artists sang with a sweeter and smooth voice tone and texture

r&b lyrics were about cute love and human relationships

soul artists sing with a harsher vocal sound (most singers sang in the church choir)

soul music where is social conscience, militant, and underlined adult relations

royal titles of soul music

Queen - Aretha Franklin

Godfather - James Brown

High Priestess - Nina Simone

Prince - Sam Cooke or Marvin Gaye

Sam Cooke’s gospel group

The Soul Stirrers

Godfather of HipHop

Afrika Bambaataa

Hip Hop started ____

in the Bronx, in the early 1970s

Hip Hop is a product of

urban neglect; was launched by the youth

conversation

between the DJ and the crowd

4 elements of Hip Hop

DJing

B-boying & B-girling

Graffiti - arms and legs of the movement

MC (rapper)

Grandfather of Hip Hop

DJ Cool Herc - gave b-boys and b-girls their name

reasons why kids didn’t go to disco clubs

• the dress code

• too young

• didn’t like the music

• clubs were in downtown manhattan and couldn’t get there

• no money

man that people give credit to for Hip Hop

Lovebug Starski

bronx gangs

the Casanovas & the Black Spades

beat matching

aligning the tempos of the records

slip cueing

using headphones to cue a record before releasing it into play

who is Sylvia Robinson

• created record label called Sugar Hill

• formed the trio “the Sugarhill Gang” first record was “Rappers Delight”

what kind of rap did the east and west coasts make?

east coast - message rap

west coast - gangsta rap

the dirty South areas

Atlanta, Houston, New Orleans

Midwest areas

Cleveland, Chicago, & Detroit

Bambaataa created ____ and was a past member of what gang?

Zulu Nation; The Black Spades

how did Hip Hop start?

Cindy Campbell decided to throw a block party for money, her brother DJ Cool Herc DJ’d this party

Donna Summers & Barry White

The Goddess of Disco & Father of Disco