LC Biology- Human Reproduction

definitions + be able to draw a diagram of male/female reproductive system, hormone graph and germ layers diagram.

testes

produces sperm and testosterone

epididymis

sperms cells made/ stored here

sperm duct

brings sperm to uethra

seminal vesicles, prostate gland and cowper’s gland

produces seminal fluid and nourishes sperm

what are secondary sexual characteristics

refers to part of male and females that distinguish them from each other apart from sex organelles.

sperm functions: acrosome

digestive enzymes

sperm functions: nucleus

23 chromo

sperm functions: collar

contains mitochondria

sperm functions: flagellum

allows sperm to swim

male secondary sexual characteristics

broadening of shoulders, voice box breaks and body hair growth

Testosterone

responsible for development of primary and secondary male characteristics, primary: male reproductive parts

3 male sex hormones

FSH: causes diploid cells in testes to divide and from haploid sperm, LH: causes testes to produce testosterone, testosterone

infertility

the inability to produce offspring

cause/treatment of infertility

low sperm count, hormone supplements

ovaries

produces egg

fallopian tubes

site of fertilisation

uterus

lining thickens each month, site of implantation

vagina

allows entry of sperm into male system

what is a the menstrual cycle?

a 28 day sequence of events that produces and egg and prepares body for pregnancy

days 1-5

lining of uterus is shed (menstruation)

days 6-14

hormone oestrogen is produced by developing graafian follicle

day 14

ovulation occurs, release of egg from graafian follicle

day 14-28

the graafian follicle develops into corpus luteum, further thickens lining and prevents new eggs from forming