solids
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28 Terms
kinetic molecular theory of solids
forces of attraction lock molecules in place
what movement occurs in solids
vibratino
2 types of solids
crystalline
amorphous
crystalline solids
particles are in hgihly ordered arragnemtn
crystalline lattice
repeating pattern of particles
amorphous solids
made up of randomly oriented atoms, ions or molecles that don’t form a definite pattern/lattice structure
properties of amorphous solids
no definite set of properties
parts of them can differ from the rest (ex. parts of glass have diff melting temps)
types of crystalline soldis
covalent netowkr solids
ionic solids
metallic solids
molecular solids
covalent netowkr solids characteristics
hard, high mp
examples of covalent netowrk solids
diamond, SiO2 (sand and quartz), SiC
formatting of covalent netowrk solids
contain no discrete molecular unit
atoms in network solid held tg by covalent bonds with neighboring atoms
single extended netowkr
allotropes
different forms fo thesame elementt htat differ in bonding
example of allotropes
diamond, graphite, buckyball
O2, O3
ionic solids
ions held tg by strong electrostatic attraction
what does melting point of ionic solids depend on
magnitude of lattice energy (charge+size of ions)
electrolytes
soluble ionic compounds whose water solution conducts electricity
contains free moving ions
metallic solids
covalent bonds between and ions in a sea of delocalized valence electrons
hardness and mp depend on number of valence electrons
wide range
molecular solids
molecules held tg by weak IMF (dipole ddipole, LDF, h-bond)
properties of molecular solids
soft, low mp (usually below 200 C)
like dissolves like
things dissolve based on polarity
non-electrolytes
ubstances whose water solutiosn do not conduct electricity bc no dissasociated ions
acids
molecular substances that form ions when dissolved in water
alloys
mixtures of metals with other elements, either metal or non metal
2 outcomes for alloys
substitutional solid
interstitial solid
substitutional solid
some metal atoms replaced by others of similar size
interstitial solid
added atoms squeeze between most atoms
example of interstitial solid
steel
Note 
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