2.3a - Aviation Weather Reports

What is the length of the forecast validity period and when will a new forecast be issued?

Refer to the TAF for Thunder Bay (CYQT) to answer the question.

TAF AMD CYQT 142019Z 1420/1508 30012KT P6SM BKN040 TEMPO 1420/1506

4SM -SHSN PROB30 1420/1502 11/2SM -SHSN OVC015

RMK NXT FCST BY 150200Z=

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12 hours; new forecast at 0200Z on the 15th.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS).

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The notation “PRESFR” in this report means:

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Pressure falling rapidly.

Cloud heights in Canadian TAFs and METARs are expressed in:

Feet Above Ground Level.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS).

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The wind was reported as:

050 degrees true at 9 knots.

SPECI CYTS 130343Z 07007KT 2SM R03/5000VP6000FT/U -SN VV010 01/M00 A2982 RMK SN8 SLP115= 

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What is the date and time that this report was issued?

13th day of the month at 0343 UTC.

SPECI CYTS 130343Z 07007KT 2SM R03/5000VP6000FT/U -SN VV010 01/M00 A2982 RMK SN8 SLP115= 

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The Runway Visual Range (RVR) is reported as:

Select one:

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Runway 03 RVR is 5000 feet variable to greater than 6000 feet and is trending "Upward".

Visibility is expressed in _____ in Canadian METAR’s and TAF’s.

Statute miles.

In a GFA cloud heights are:

Expressed in feet ASL unless otherwise noted; may include bases and tops.

The change group “Becoming” (BECMG) indicates:

Gradual permanent change in weather conditions.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS).

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The time of observation of this METAR is:

0500 UTC.

Winds aloft and temperature forecasts provide wind information:

Degrees true and knots.

“Scattered” clouds are reported as ____ and includes _____ sky coverage.

SCT; 3/8 to 4/8.

In a METAR conditions reported as “3SM -RASH” would be decoded as:

3 statute miles visibility with light rain showers.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS).

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The “vertical visibility” reported at 600 feet is due to:

Snow, making up 6/8 of the summation opacity.

Winds aloft and temperature forecasts begin at ________ feet ______ and continue in ______ foot intervals. The temperature is given in ______

3000; ASL; 3000; degrees Celsius.

The notation “P6SM” is used in a TAF when conditions are expected to include:

Visibility greater than 6 statute miles.

The wind conditions are expected to ____________ during the forecast period.

Refer to the TAF for Oshawa (CYOO) to answer the question.

TAF CYOO 141938Z 1420/1508 20012G22KT P6SM SCT040 BKN070 TEMPO

1420/1501 3SM -SHSNRA BR OVC040

BECMG 1422/1424 24010G20KT

FM150100 27010KT P6SM BKN050

FM150300 27008KT P6SM FEW050

RMK FCST BASED ON AUTO OBS. NXT FCST BY 150200Z=

Veer and decrease.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS)

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095=

The relative humidity at the time of this report is:

100%.

The change group “From” (FM) indicates:

An immediate permanent change in conditions.

On a “clouds and weather” GFA isobars are:

Shown as solid lines spaced at 4 hectopascal intervals.

Which of the following statements is true about this TAF?

Refer to the TAF for Thunder Bay (CYQT) to answer the question.

TAF AMD CYQT 142019Z 1420/1508 30012KT P6SM BKN040 TEMPO 1420/1506

4SM -SHSN PROB30 1420/1502 11/2SM -SHSN OVC015

RMK NXT FCST BY 150200Z=

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The TAF was issued at approximately 19 minutes after the beginning of the forecast period likely due to its status as an “amended” forecast.

What is the lowest forecast visibility for the entire forecast period?

Refer to the TAF for Timmins (CYTS) to answer the question.

TAF CYTS 130139Z 1302/1314 05008KT P6SM OVC060 TEMPO 1302/1304 5SM

\-RASN BR OVC020

FM130400 05008KT P6SM -SN FEW015 OVC040 TEMPO 1304/1306 11/2SM

\-SN OVC015

FM130600 05012G22KT 1/4SM +SN VV004 TEMPO 1306/1312 1SM -SN

BKN006 OVC015

FM131200 06010G20KT 11/2SM -SN OVC004 TEMPO 1312/1314 4SM -SNRA

BR OVC006

RMK NXT FCST BY 130800Z=

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¼ SM in heavy snow.

The change group “Temporary” (TEMPO) indicates:

Temporary change in weather, each lasting less than one hour.

The time of issue of this forecast is ___________ and it is valid for ______ hours.

Refer to the TAF for Timmins (CYTS) to answer the question.

TAF CYTS 130139Z 1302/1314 05008KT P6SM OVC060 TEMPO 1302/1304 5SM

\-RASN BR OVC020

FM130400 05008KT P6SM -SN FEW015 OVC040 TEMPO 1304/1306 11/2SM

\-SN OVC015

FM130600 05012G22KT 1/4SM +SN VV004 TEMPO 1306/1312 1SM -SN

BKN006 OVC015

FM131200 06010G20KT 11/2SM -SN OVC004 TEMPO 1312/1314 4SM -SNRA

BR OVC006

RMK NXT FCST BY 130800Z=

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0139 UTC on the 13th day of the month; 12.

“Few” clouds are reported as ___ and includes ____ sky coverage.

FEW; less than 1/8 to 2/8.

SIGMETS and AIRMETS are issued:

To make amendments to GFA’s as required.

What weather conditions would you expect at CYOO with an ETA of 0030 on the 15th?

Refer to the TAF for Oshawa (CYOO) to answer the following question.

TAF CYOO 141938Z 1420/1508 20012G22KT P6SM SCT040 BKN070 TEMPO

1420/1501 3SM -SHSNRA BR OVC040

BECMG 1422/1424 24010G20KT

FM150100 27010KT P6SM BKN050

FM150300 27008KT P6SM FEW050

RMK FCST BASED ON AUTO OBS. NXT FCST BY 150200Z=

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Wind 270 degrees at 8 knots; ceiling 5000 few.

The change group “Probability” (PROB) indicates:

The 30 or 40% probability of certain weather conditions.

What is the forecast wind during the TEMPO conditions between 12 and 14Z on the 13th?

Refer to the TAF for Timmins (CYTS) to answer the following question.

TAF CYTS 130139Z 1302/1314 05008KT P6SM OVC060 TEMPO 1302/1304 5SM

\-RASN BR OVC020

FM130400 05008KT P6SM -SN FEW015 OVC040 TEMPO 1304/1306 11/2SM

\-SN OVC015

FM130600 05012G22KT 1/4SM +SN VV004 TEMPO 1306/1312 1SM -SN

BKN006 OVC015

FM131200 06010G20KT 11/2SM -SN OVC004 TEMPO 1312/1314 4SM -SNRA

BR OVC006

RMK NXT FCST BY 130800Z=

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060º True at 10 gusting 20 knots.

In order for a TAF to be issued a minimum of ____ METARs must be recorded.

2

Assuming you have a planned arrival time of 0500Z at Timmins what is the lowest forecast ceiling?

Refer to the TAF for Timmins (CYTS) to answer the question.

TAF CYTS 130139Z 1302/1314 05008KT P6SM OVC060 TEMPO 1302/1304 5SM

\-RASN BR OVC020

FM130400 05008KT P6SM -SN FEW015 OVC040 TEMPO 1304/1306 11/2SM

\-SN OVC015

FM130600 05012G22KT 1/4SM +SN VV004 TEMPO 1306/1312 1SM -SN

BKN006 OVC015

FM131200 06010G20KT 11/2SM -SN OVC004 TEMPO 1312/1314 4SM -SNRA

BR OVC006

RMK NXT FCST BY 130800Z=

1500 overcast.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS)

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The cloud layer at 400 feet AGL is composed of:

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Stratus cloud covering 2/8 of the sky.

“Fog” is reported as ____ when the visibility is ____.

FG; less than ⅝ statute mile.

Wind direction and speed is expressed in ______ and ______ in Canadian METARs and TAFs.

Degrees true and knots.

Graphic Area Forecasts are issued at:

00Z, 06Z, 12Z, 18Z.

“Mist” is reported as ____ when visibility is ____.

BR; equal to or greater than ⅝ statute mile.

Refer to the following SPECI with respect to the special weather report below for Timmins (CYTS).

SPECI CYTS 130343Z 07007KT 2SM R03/5000VP6000FT/U -SN VV010 01/M00 A2982 RMK SN8 SLP115=

What is the ceiling reported?

1000 feet AGL vertical visibility in snow.

What weather conditions are forecast to be present at CYQT if your ETA is 0700Z on the 15th? \n \n Refer to the TAF for Thunder Bay (CYQT) to answer the question. \n \n TAF AMD CYQT 142019Z 1420/1508 30012KT P6SM BKN040 TEMPO 1420/1506 \n \n 4SM -SHSN PROB30 1420/1502 11/2SM -SHSN OVC015 \n \n RMK NXT FCST BY 150200Z=

Wind 300 degrees true at 12 knots, ceiling 4000 feet AGL Broken.

“Broken” clouds are reported as ____ and includes ______ sky coverage.

BKN; 5/8 to less than 8/8.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS)

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095= 

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The mean sea level pressure reported is:

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1009\.5 hectopascals.

Visibility in a TAF is forecast:

In statute miles.

'8503-25' in an FD is:

Decoded as 350 degrees true at 103 knots, temperature - 25 degrees Celsius.

Refer to the provided METAR for Timmins, Ontario (CYTS)

METAR CYTS 130500Z 05009KT 2SM -SN FEW004 VV006 M00/M00 A2976 RMK ST2SN6 PRESFR SLP095=

The horizontal visibility is reported as:

2 statute miles in light snow.