7.3 Cell Membrane and Osmosis/Diffusion

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25 Terms

1

phospholipid bilayer

two sheets of phospholipids in a cell membrane, passive transport diffusion

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2

peripheral protein

protein not "embedded" in phospholipid bilayer, helps with transport and communication

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3

integral proteins

protein that is embedded in phospholipid bilayer, helps channel and transport molecules across phospholipid bilayer

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4

channel protein

integral protein that does facilitated diffusion (facilitated transport)

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5

carrier protein

integral protein that does active transport using ATP

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6

gradient of concentration

used to describe concentration of solvent and solute

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7

solvent

dissolves (water, etc)

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8

solute

gets dissolved (salt, sugar, etc)

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9

exocytosis

cell vacuole expels large amounts of material

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10

endocytosis

cell vacuole intakes large amounts of material

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11

phagocytosis

endocytosis of large solids (amoeba eating cell, etc)

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12

pinocytosis

endocytosis of extracellular fluids

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13

diffusion

the spreading out of molecules from high concentration to low concentration

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14

osmosis

diffusion of solvent (water) through selectively permeable membrane

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15

facilitated diffusion

when only specific molecules can pass through selectively permeable membrane, which speeds up diffusion (NO ENERGY USED)

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16

isotonic solution

solute/solvent ratio equal compared to cell (cell remains same)

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17

hypertonic solution

more solute compared to cell (water leaves cell, cell shrinks)

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18

hypotonic solution

less solute compared to cell (water enters cell, cell expands)

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19

cholesterol

helps phospholipid bilayer resist structure change caused by temperature changes

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20

protein pumps (ion pumps)

moves ions against concentration gradient using ATP

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21

sodium-potassium pump

3 Na+ (sodium ion) pumped out for every 2 K+ (potassium) pumped in

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22

cotransport

coupling the transport of molecules through cell membrane

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23

sodium-glucose symport

couples transport of sodium ions and glucose into cell

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24

proton pump

remove hydrogen ions (H+)

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25

glycoprotein, glycolipid, and carbohydrates

on the outside of phospholipid bilayer, used for messaging and cell identification

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