Chemistry Chapter 1.1a Voiceover Powerpoint

What is matter?

Anything that occupies space and has mass.

What are examples of forms of energy that are not considered matter?

Light, heat, sound.

How can matter be classified?

As pure substances or mixtures.

What characterizes a pure substance?

It has the same chemical composition throughout and from sample to sample.

Give an example of a pure substance.

Water (H2O).

What's a mixture?

Composed of two or more substances with varying composition.

What is a compound?

A substance composed of two or more elements in definite proportions.

What is an element?

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances.

What distinguishes metals from non-metals?

Metals are usually shiny and conduct electricity, while non-metals are dull.

What is the periodic table?

An organized chart of all known elements.

What does the term 'definite proportions' mean?

Elements in a compound are combined in specific, fixed ratios.

Give an example of a compound and its formula.

Water (H2O).

What is the symbol for iron?

Fe.

How many atoms of oxygen are in a water molecule?

One atom of oxygen.

What is a molecule?

A group of two or more atoms bonded together.

What is fool's gold?

A compound consisting of iron and sulfur (Fe2S3).

What is the formula for sodium chloride?

NaCl.

What physical state are most metals at room temperature?

Solid, except for mercury.

What is the symbol for gold?

Au.

Name two categories of pure substances.

Elements and compounds.

What term is used for substances that have a varying composition?

Mixtures.

What is the chemical formula of silicon dioxide?

SiO2.

What defines an atom?

The smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties.

How do you distinguish between an element and a compound in chemical formulas?

Elements have one capital letter; compounds have two or more capital letters.

What is a characteristic of non-metals at room temperature?

Many are gases.

What are metalloids?

Elements that have characteristics of both metals and non-metals.