uses of monoclonal antibodies

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uses of monoclonal antibodies - 2

Pregnancy test kits

Cancer diagnosis and treatment

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Pregnancy test kits use monoclonal antibodies.

How does it work? - 4

  • designed to bind with a hormone called HCG which is found only in the urine of pregnant women.

  • Monoclonal antibodies are attached to the end of a pregnancy test stick onto which a woman urinates.

  • If she is pregnant, HCG will be present in her urine and will bind to the monoclonal antibodies on the test stick.

  • This will cause a change in colour or pattern which will indicate pregnancy.

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How are monoclonal antibodies used in cancer diagnosis and treatment?

  • Cancerous cells have antigens. Monoclonal antibodies can be designed to bind specifically with these antigens.

  • When injected into a person’s body, the monoclonal antibodies will bind with these cancer cells and clump them together.

  • This makes it easier to identify a cancerous tumour, which then can be treated or removed.

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How have monoclonal antibodies also helped treat cancer? - 2

  • carrying drugs that have been attached to them, to the tumour

  • encouraging your immune system to attack the cancer cells directly.