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What is a dental impression?
A negative imprint of the teeth and surrounding tissues.
What is a study model or diagnostic cast?
The positive reproduction formed from a dental impression.
What must an impression tray cover?
The entire area needed for the finished impression.
What type of material is alginate?
An irreversible hydrocolloid that sets by chemical reaction.
What states can hydrocolloids exist in?
Sol (liquid) and gel (solid).
What is the first criterion of a high-quality alginate impression?
No visible voids, tears, or debris.
What ensures detail in an impression?
Clear and distinct reproduction of all desired structures.
Which anatomical areas must be captured in a good impression?
All teeth and the alveolar process.
What posterior structures must appear for an acceptable impression?
Retromolar pad or maxillary tuberosity.
How should alginate attach to the tray?
Firmly bonded to prevent separation.
What is adequate peripheral roll?
Proper extension of impression material into the vestibules.
What client instructions help achieve a good impression?
Breathe through nose, avoid talking, raise hand if needed.
What water temperature is recommended for mixing alginate?
68–70°F (room-temperature water).
Why is accurate measuring of water-to-powder ratio important?
Ensures proper consistency and setting time.
What is the first preparation step for mandibular impressions?
Seat client upright and explain the procedure.
Why is reviewing the health history important before impressions?
To identify factors that may complicate procedure.
What is the purpose of drying teeth before impressions?
Helps material adapt better to tooth surfaces.
How much material is used for mandibular impressions?
Two scoops alginate with two measures of water.
From which direction should the mandibular tray be loaded?
From the lingual side, posterior → anterior.
Why smooth alginate with wet fingers before seating?
Reduces voids and improves surface detail.
Where should a small amount of alginate be placed before seating?
On occlusal surfaces, undercuts, and vestibules.
How should the mandibular tray be aligned?
¼ inch anterior to incisors, centered with chin midline.
What sequence is used to seat the mandibular tray?
Posterior first, then anterior.
Why instruct the client to raise their tongue?
Clears the floor of the mouth and improves seating.
Where should the operator sit for mandibular impressions?
8-o’clock position (right-handed).
How long is the tray held in place?
Until alginate gels, using bilateral pressure.
How is the mandibular tray removed?
Break seal along buccal mucosa and lift with a firm upward motion.
How many scoops of alginate are used for maxillary impressions?
Three scoops with three measures of water.
How should the maxillary tray be loaded?
In one large increment, bulk placed anteriorly on palate area.
What operator position is recommended for maxillary impressions?
11-o’clock (right-handed).
What is the seating motion for maxillary trays?
Seat posterior first, then anterior with slight vibration.
What client instruction reduces gagging during maxillary impressions?
Form an “O” with lips and breathe through the nose.
How is the maxillary impression tray removed?
Break the posterior facial seal and lower tray before removing sideways.
What should be done immediately after removing impressions?
Rinse under cold water to remove debris.
How are impressions stored before pouring?
Spray with disinfectant, wrap in moist towel, place in humidor/biohazard bag, and label.