Functionalist Approach

What is Functionalism in sociology?

Functionalism is the first sociological perspective developed in the 19th century, focusing on how societies maintain order and stability.

Who were the key early figures associated with Functionalism?

Key figures include August Comte, Emile Durkheim, and later Talcott Parsons.

What is socialization according to Functionalists?

Socialization is the process through which individuals learn the norms, values, and culture of their society.

What are the three broad functions of education according to Functionalists?

1. Socialisation, 2. Skills provision, 3. Role allocation.

What role does education play in socialization?

Education socializes young people into key cultural values, promoting social solidarity and a sense of belonging.

How does education serve as a bridge between family and wider society according to Parsons?

Education helps children adapt to universalistic standards that apply in wider society, in contrast to the particularistic standards of family.

What is a meritocracy?

A meritocracy is a society where success or failure is based on individual merit, such as ability and hard work.

What is the criticism of the functionalist view of skills provision in education?

Critics argue that education may not effectively teach the necessary skills and often fails to meet the needs of the economy.

What did Davis and Moore argue about the role allocation function of education?

They argued that education allocates individuals to the most appropriate jobs for their talents based on a meritocratic system.

What is a major criticism of the functionalist approach to education?

It tends to overlook the negative aspects of the education system and ignore social inequalities and conflicts.

How does globalisation impact the education system according to the lecture notes?

Globalisation creates competition for British companies and workers, necessitating a workforce that is skilled and globally competitive.

What does the term 'anomie' refer to in Durkheim's work?

Anomie refers to a state of normlessness or lack of shared norms, which can occur due to excessive individualism.