Pediatrics Lecture Notes

These flashcards cover essential definitions and concepts related to pediatrics, particularly focusing on neonatology and various important medical conditions, terms, and treatments encountered in newborn care.

Neonatology

The branch of pediatrics that deals with the medical care of newborn infants.

LBW

Low Birth Weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 2500 grams.

VLBW

Very Low Birth Weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 1500 grams.

ELBW

Extremely Low Birth Weight, defined as a birth weight of less than 1000 grams.

SGA

Small for Gestational Age, referring to infants whose weight is less than the 10th percentile for their gestational age.

AGA

Appropriate for Gestational Age, referring to infants whose weight falls between the 10th and 90th percentiles.

LGA

Large for Gestational Age, referring to infants whose weight is greater than the 90th percentile.

IUGR

Intrauterine Growth Restriction, a condition in which a fetus is smaller than expected for the number of weeks of pregnancy.

Apgar Score

A quick test performed on a newborn baby at 1 and 5 minutes after birth to evaluate the baby’s physical condition.

Kernicterus

A form of brain damage that can result from high levels of bilirubin, which can occur in newborns.

Hypothermia

A medical emergency that occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce heat.

Phototherapy

A treatment that uses light to reduce high bilirubin levels in newborns.

Neonatal Sepsis

A severe bacterial infection in a newborn that can lead to systemic illness.

Congenital Heart Disease

A heart condition that is present at birth.

Breastfeeding Jaundice

A type of jaundice related to breastfeeding that generally occurs in the first week of life.

Management of SAM

Management of Severe Acute Malnutrition which includes dietary interventions and monitoring.

Gestational Age

The age of a pregnancy measured from the first day of the last menstrual period.