History Middle & New Kingdom

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21 Terms

1

Thebes

capital of Egypt during the Middle & New Kingdom

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2

Dynasty

series of rulers from the same family

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3

Hyksos

Invaders who ruled Egypt for ~150 years; Had better weapons, stronger steel, and horse drawn chariots. End of Middle Kingdom

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4

Avaris

Capital of Egypt under the Hyksos.

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5

Ahmose

drove the Hyksos out of Egypt using their own weapons; start of New Kingdom

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6

Hatshepsut

EGYPTIAN PHARAOH INTERESTED IN TRADE AND BUILDING TEMPLES RATHER THAN WAR.

Was Regent for her step-son Thutmose III, but refused to give up power. Wore a beard and dressed as a man.

Famous for building Temple at Deir el-Bahr

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7

Regent

Someone who serves as pharaoh until person is old enough to become pharaoh

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8

Thutmose III

Wanted war and expansion; Egypt reached its largest size during his reign.

Perhaps attempted to remove all evidence of the reign of his step-mom Hatshepsut, who ruled while he was too young.

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9

Nubia

southern region of Egypt, aka Kush; taken over by Thutmose III

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10

Savanna

a grassy plain in tropical and subtropical regions, with few trees; Upper Nile River where the Kingdom of the Kush was located was a savanna

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11

Amenhotep IV

changed his name to Akhenaten to demonstrate his devotion to the god Aten; then tried to make Egypt monotheistic.

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12

Akhenaten

Only monotheistic pharaoh. He believed in one god – ATEN – sun disc

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13

Armana

Egypt’s capital city under Akhenaten; abandoned shortly after his death.

TIme period of Akhenaten’s rule is called the Armana Period

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14

Heretic

person who does not follow widely held beliefs or practices; some called Akhenaten a heretic for trying to make Egypt monotheistic.

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15

Nefertiti

wife of Akhenaten; name means “beautiful wife”

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16

Tutankhamun

KING TUT – best known for the treasures found in his tomb;

son of Akhenaten; Tut restored Egypt to polytheism

Cause of death not known.

Some believe he was killed by an advisor, Ay or Horemheb

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17

Vizier

adviser to the pharaoh

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18

Lord Carnavon

financed the search for King Tut’s tomb.

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19

Valley of the Kings

where the pharaohs of the New Kingdom were buried

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20

Ramses II

warrior pharaoh, built cities and temples with slave labor. 

Built famous temple at Abu Simbel.

Had ~150 children, ~200 wives

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21

Kadesh

Location of famous battle fought between Ramses the Great and the Hittites; Battle was a draw; both sides signed a peace treaty

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