Bone Articulations

Synarthrosis

no movement

Diarthrosis

free movement

Amphiarthrosis

limited movement

Fibrous joints

dense regular CT; no space

locations — gomphoses, sutures, syndesmoses

Gomphosis

anchors teeth to jaw bone

classification — fibrous & synarthrosis

Suture

between skull bones

classification — fibrous & synarthrosis

Syndesmosis

held together by ligaments

classification — fibrous & amphiarthrosis

locations — interosseous membranes (middle radioulnar & tibiofibular), distal tibiofibular

Cartilaginous joints

cartilage; no space

locations — synchondroses, symphyses

Synchondrosis

hyaline cartilage present in developing skeleton, may ossify

classification — cartilaginous & synarthrosis

locations — epiphyseal plates (in children), costochondral joints, sternocostal joint #1

Symphysis

fibrocartilage

classification — cartilaginous & amphiarthrosis

locations — intervertebral disks, pubic symphysis

Synovial joints

dense irregular CT joint capsule (fibrous layer)

simple squamous ET (synovial layer) — secretes synovial fluid into synovial space

types — hinge, ball-and-socket, planar, condyloid, saddle, pivot

Hinge

uniaxial; sagittal plane

ex. elbow joint, knee joint

Ball-and-socket

triaxial; sagittal, frontal, & transverse planes

ex. shoulder joint, hip joint

Planar

multiaxial; planes vary

ex. wrist joint, ankle joint, acromioclavicular joint

Pivot

uniaxial; transverse plane

ex. proximal radioulnarjoint, atlantoaxial joint

Saddle

biaxial; sagittal & frontal planes

ex. carpometacarpal joint (thumb), sternoclavicular joint

Condyloid

biaxial; sagittal & frontal planes

ex. metacarpophalangeal joints