chapter 9 check your understanding

Why was it difficult for Latin American countries to meet the needs and aspirations of their people in the postwar world?

Urban infrastructure and services were unable to keep up with the surging population.

Which of the following best describes postwar populism?

a nationalist style of leadership based on the electoral support of the urban middle and working classes

How does the dependency model of economic theory differ from one based on comparative advantage?

Dependency theory argues that countries who rely on their comparative advantage as raw material exporters will remain stuck in the periphery, unable to develop.

Who were the principal supporters of Peronism?

Juan Perón’s support for unions and Eva Perón’s bestowal of charitable benefits helped make the industrial working class and the urban poor the backbone of their movement.

What role did the Organization of American States (OAS) play during the Cold War era?

Because the OAS had a one country–one vote system, the United States could use its control over numerous Central American and Caribbean countries to impose anticommunism on the entire hemisphere.

How was US Cold War intervention in Guatemala different from its intervention in Bolivia?

It used proxy forces to invade Guatemala and overthrow its government, while it used foreign aid to constructively engage in Bolivia.

How was Pablo Neruda typical of Latin American writers of the Cold War era?

He was an international figure who represented his country both culturally and diplomatically and who sympathized with leftist causes.