Current theories: psychological development

Core knowledge approach

 infants seems to be born with domain specific knowledge system that serves as a foundation for learning

The violation of expectation method

 infants look longer at events that violates the expected outcome, same theory as habituation-dishabituation, infants notices the change

Information processing approach

 development is quantitative and continuous

Shifting

changing perspective or approach to a problem flexibly adjusting to new demands, rules or priorities, as in switching between tasks

Inhibition

being able to control one's attention, thoughts, behavior and emotions to override a strong internal predisposition or external lure and instead do what is more appropriate or needed

WM (updating)

 holding and working with information in mind that is updated and relevant, using information to solve problems

Theory of Mind (ToM)

 the ability to understand and interpret one’s own and others mental stages

Belief desire ToM

 understands the basic behavior of desires and emotions

First order false belief

 the realization that it is possible to hold false belief about events of the world (3/4 years)

Second order false belief

the realization that it is possible to hold false belief about someone else’s belief (6/7years)

Imitation

recognize and replicate intentional behavior 

Social referencing

 toddlers look at parents face before approaching a stranger

Joint attention

 shared focus of two individual on a object/event

Prodeclerative

pointing at a dog to show some else