Kinesiology Review

The primary function of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is to

Act as a shock absorber for the brain and spinal cord

Which cranial nerve is typically tested by asking the athlete to shrug their shoulders or turn their head against resistance?

Accessory (XI)

A "Battle's Sign" (ecchymosis behind the ear over the mastoid process) is typically indicative of which type of injury?

Basilar skull fracture

The standard concussion assessment tool often used by athletic trainers is the:

SCAT5 (Sport Concussion Assessment Tool - 5th Edition)

A severe blow to the head that causes bleeding within the skull and rapid deterioration of consciousness (lucid interval followed by collapse) may indicate a(n):

Epidural hematoma

The appropriate technique for managing an athlete suspected of having a cervical spine injury (neck injury) on the field is:

Stabilize the head and neck in the position found and prepare for spine boarding

Which structure in the neck is commonly referred to as the "Adam's apple"?

Thyroid cartilage

The glenohumeral joint is a type of joint known as a:

Ball and socket joint

The primary muscles that stabilize the head of the humerus within the glenoid fossa are collectively known as the:

Rotator cuff muscles (Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis)

A common mechanism of injury for an anterior glenohumeral joint dislocation is:

Forced abduction and external rotation of the arm

Pain experienced in the shoulder during the "painful arc" (typically between 70° and 120° of abduction) is often indicative of:

Rotator cuff impingement syndrome or tendonitis

Which ligament is commonly sprained in an Acromioclavicular (AC) joint separation ("shoulder separation")?

Acromioclavicular ligament and Coracoclavicular ligaments

The "empty can test" is a common clinical evaluation test used to assess the integrity of which rotator cuff muscle?

 Supraspinatus

 A Bankart lesion is an injury that specifically affects which structure after a shoulder dislocation?

 The glenoid labrum (anterior aspect)

The bony prominence on the posterior aspect of the elbow, which is part of the ulna bone, is the:

Olecranon process

Which ligament in the elbow is most commonly injured by repetitive overhead throwing motions ("Tommy John injury")?

Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) or medial collateral ligament

 "Little League Elbow" is an overuse injury associated with growth plates in adolescent throwers, typically affecting the:

•  Medial epicondyle

Which carpal bone is the most frequently fractured bone in the wrist?

Scaphoid

A "boxer’s fracture" involves a fracture of which metacarpal bone?

4th or 5th metacarpal

The anatomical snuffbox is a triangular depression on the back of the hand where tenderness is a key sign of a potential injury to which bone?

Scaphoid

A "mallet finger" deformity results from an injury to the extensor tendon at which joint of the finger?

Distal interphalangeal joint (DIP)

Which nerve travels through the carpal tunnel in the wrist?

Median nerve

The common mechanism for injury to the Ulnar Collateral Ligament (UCL) of the thumb (Gamekeeper's or Skier's thumb) is:

Forced abduction and hyperextension of the first MCP joint

The medical term for tennis elbow, which involves inflammation or degeneration of the tendons on the lateral side of the elbow, is:

Lateral epicondylitis

 A Colles' fracture involves a fracture of which bone in the forearm, typically causing a "dinner fork" deformity?

Radius

Which anatomical plane divides the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) halves?

Coronal (Frontal) plane

The large muscle that covers the shoulder joint and is responsible for abduction of the arm is the:

Deltoid

Which structure is a fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction in the elbow joint and can become inflamed in bursitis?

Olecranon bursa

The term "anterior" is synonymous with:

Ventral

Which injury to the finger typically involves forced hyperextension of the PIP joint, damaging the volar plate?

Boutonnière deformity