Movement Analysis

Lever System

Created in the body by the musculo-skeletal system

Lever

Facilitate physical work by making it easier to move heavy objects or perform quick movements.

Load, Fulcrum, Effort, Lever

What are the 4 components of Lever System?

First Class Lever

Fulcrum is between components.

Second Class Lever

 Load is between components.

Third Class Lever

Effort is between components.

Preparatory Phase and Throwing Phase

Throwing comprises two phases

Planes

In which the movement occurs

Muscles

producing the movement

agonists, antagonists, synergists & fixators

The function of the muscles involved

isotonic - concentric or eccentric, isometric

The type of contraction

inner, middle, outer

The range of the muscle action

 running leg action

occurs in a sagittal plane about a frontal axis and involves the hip, knee and ankle joints.

Analysis of Sprinting

Each of these joints produces two actions, one when the leg is in contact with the ground (driving phase) and one when the leg is not in contact with the ground (recovery phase).

Analysis of Throwing

Most actions are rotational in the transverse plane and longitudinal axis and the two joints primarily involved are the elbow and shoulder.

Analysis of Racket Strokes

Most actions are rotational in the transverse plane, and longitudinal axis and the three joints concerned are the wrist, elbow and shoulder.

Preparatory phase and Striking phase

There are two phases to striking a ball with a racket

Analysis of Jumping

The action in jumping takes place in a sagittal plane about a transverse axis and involves the hip, knee and ankle joints.

Analysis of Kicking

The kicking action takes place in a sagittal plane about a frontal axis and involves the hip, knee and ankle joints.

Agonist

Quadricep muscles

Antagonist

Hamstring muscles

Fixator

Gluteus Maximus

Synergist

Abdominal muscles

Movement

is defined by reference to a plane or axis.

Median or Sagittal Plane

a vertical plane which passes from front to rear, dividing the body into right and left sections.

Coronal or Frontal or Lateral Plane

which passes from side to side at right angles to the sagittal plane which divides the body into a front and back section.

Transverse or Horizontal Plane

a horizontal plane which divides the body into an upper and lower section.

Oblique Plane

any plane through the body that is not parallel to one of the former three.

Frontal Axis

passes from side to side at right angles to the sagittal plane.

Sagittal or Transverse Axis

passes horizontally from front to rear, lying at right angles to the frontal plane.

Longitudinal or Vertical Axis

passes from head to foot at right angles to the transverse plane.

Spinal Column

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion, Extension, Lateral Flexion and Rotation.

Shoulder girdle

has the following normal ranges of movement: Elevation, Depression, Adduction and Abduction.

Shoulder joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction and Medial Rotation.

Elbow joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion, Extension, Pronation and Supination.

Wrist joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction and Circumduction.

Hip joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion, Extension, Adduction, Abduction, Medial Rotation and Lateral Rotation.

Knee joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Flexion and Extension.

Ankle joint

has the following normal ranges of movement: Plantar Flexion, Dorsi Flexion, Inversion and Eversion.