Plant Hormones, Response & Feedback Mechanism

These flashcards cover key vocabulary related to plant hormones, their functions, and processes essential for plant growth and development.

Abscisic Acid

“Stress protecting hormone.” A plant hormone that regulates physiological responses such as stress adaptation and stomatal closure.

Auxin

A plant hormone that promotes CELL ELONGATION and influences growth in response to directional light.

Brassinosteroids

“Multitasking Growth Booster.” Plant hormones related to animal steroids that regulate growth, development, and stress responses.

Cytokinin

Hormones that promote CELL DIVISION and play a role in leaf development and nitrogen assimilation.

Ethylene

A GASEOUS plant hormone that regulates fruit ripening and responses to stress.

Gibberellins

“Response to Nutritional Limitations.” Plant hormones that stimulate growth and influence processes such as seed germination.

Jasmonic Acid

A plant hormone involved in defense responses against pathogens and herbivores. It’s also OPENS thSTROMA and HEALS wounds in plants.

Salicylic Acid

A plant hormone that activates defense mechanisms against biotrophic pathogens.

Xylem

The vascular tissue in plants that transports WATER and MINERALS from the roots to the rest of the plant in a UPWARD direction. Composed of dead liquified cells

Phloem

The vascular tissue responsible for the transport of GLUCOSE across the cytoplasm. It is built out of sieve tubes. It moves in a BIDIRECTIONAL movement

Vascular Bundle

A strand of vascular tissue in plants, containing both xylem and phloem.

Photosynthesis

The process by which green plants use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.

Homeostasis

The ability of an organism to maintain stable internal conditions despite external changes.

Phototropism

The growth response of plants towards light.

Geotropism

Growth response of plants to gravity, usually roots grow downward and stems grow upward.

Hydrotropism

Plant growth response to moisture gradients in the soil.

Thigmotropism

The directional growth of a plant in response to touch.

Plant Hormones

Regulates change in physiology, growth, or development of a plant.

Cell Elongation

The increase in the length of plant cells, promoted by certain hormones like auxin.

Stomatal Opening

The process of opening stomata to allow gas exchange, primarily influenced by environmental factors.

Root System

The part of a plant that anchors it to the ground and absorbs water and nutrients. It transports food and water while taking part in reproduction

Shoot System

The part of a plant that includes stems and leaves, responsible for growth, photosynthesis, storage, and reproduction

Vessel

In charge of WATER transport.

Mesophyll

Generates photosynthesis.

Sieve tube

In charge of SUGAR transport

Stoma

Gas exchange between Carbon dioxide and Oxygen.

Cellular Growth

The irreversible increase in CELL volume, a result of cell division (more cells) and cell enlargement (bigger cells)

Molecular Interaction

Molecular interactions that are essential for controlling the rate, direction, and coordination of plant growth