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Flashcards covering key concepts related to the Theories and Evidence of Evolution.
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Evolution
The slow, gradual change in a population of organisms over time.
Natural Selection
The process by which organisms that are better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Theory
A statement or model that has been well tested and supported many times.
Spontaneous Generation
The now-discredited theory that life could arise from non-living matter.
Gradualism
The idea that processes occurring now have changed Earth’s geological features slowly over long periods of time.
Law of Use and Disuse
Lamarck's idea that organisms could change during their lifetime by using or not using parts of their bodies.
Fitness
The ability of an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment.
Adaptation
An inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance for survival and reproduction.
Vestigial Structures
Structures that are no longer useful but were functional in earlier ancestors.
Biochemical Evidence
DNA and amino acid sequence analysis that suggests relatedness among species.
Common Ancestor
An ancestral species from which later species evolved.
Anatomical Evidence
Comparative study of body structures to understand evolutionary relationships.
Embryological Evidence
Similar stages of embryonic development in different species indicating common ancestry.