Chapter 2 - Kinematic Concepts for Analyzing Human Motion

General Motion

Motion involving translation and rotation simultaneously. Most human movement is this type of motion

Linear Motion

Motion of a system, with all parts moving in the same direction and at the same speed.

translation

Linear Motion is also referred to as what?

Angular Motion

Motion involving rotation about a central imaginary line known as the axis of rotation

Rotation

Angular Motion is also referred to as what?

Rectilinear

Term for “along a straight line”

Term for “along a curved line”

Curvilinear

Axis of Rotation

Imaginary line perpendicular to the plan of rotation and passing through the center of rotation

System

Object or group of objects chosen by the analyst for study

Face straight forward, arm at sides, palms forward, toes forward.

Key components of anatomical position (face, arm, palm, and toe positions)

Sagittal Plane

Plane in which forward and backward movements of the body and body segments occur

Frontal Plant

Plane in which lateral movements of the body and body segments occur

Transverse Plane

Plane in which horizontal body and body segment movements occur when the body is in an erect position

Frontal Axis

Imaginary line passing through the body from side to side and around which sagittal plan rotations occur

Sagittal Axis

Imaginary line passing from front to back through the body and around which frontal plan rotations occur

Longitudinal Axis

Imaginary line passing from top to bottom through the body and around which transverse plan rotations occur

Biomechanical errors

What is our main goal to identify during movement assessment?

Movement errors can increase risk of injury, and decrease performance

Why are movement errors important to identify during assessment

Quantitative

Measure of variable of interest followed by calculations or assessment of that variable

Qualitative

Nonnumeric description of movement assessment

Speed, Time, Distance, Velocity, Force, Angle

What are some examples of quantitative measures in performance?

Form, Technique, How athlete is moving.

What are some examples of Qualitative measures in performance?

Plan the question and method of observation

How should qualitative movement analysis be planned

Knowledge

____________ of the specific biomechanical principals are required for a skill to

1. Identify problem/question

2. Make Decision

3. Collect Observation

4. Interpret Observation

5. Communicate with performer

6. Refine Question/End Analysis

What are the 6 steps in the qualitative analysis loop

Muybridge

First to show that during horses took flight during a gallop using cinematography

Motion Capture

What method of movement analysis has increased in technology in recent years due to the film industry?