Chemistry tests

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1
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Test for carbonate ions
Add dilute HCl
2
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Carbonates positive test
releases CO2
3
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Sulfate ion test
Add barium chloride dissolved in HCl
4
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why is barium chloride dissolved in HCl
Ba2+ is insoluble in water
5
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positive sulfate test
White precipitate
6
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Halide ion test
add nitric acid and add silver nitrate
7
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positive halide result
AgCl white precipitate, AgBr cream precipitate, AgI yellow precipitate
8
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Ammonium ion test
add NaOH and heat
9
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positive ammonium test
gas will turn damp red litmus paper blue
10
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Aldehydes test (first step)
add silver nitrate and sodium hydroxide brown precipitate will form
11
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Aldehydes test (second test)
add ammonium solution until brown precipitate dissolves
12
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positive test for aldehyde
silver mirror
13
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carboxylic acid
carbonate solution pass gas through lime water
14
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positive test for carboxylic acid
lime water goes cloudy
15
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Phenol test (acid test)
add sodium hydroxide
16
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phenol test (strong acid test)
add carbonate solution
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positive test for phenol
test for acid will go colour less and form salt.
18
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test for strong acid will not react negative will bubble.
19
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Haloalkane test
add ethanol and silver nitrate and warm
20
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positive haloalkanes
chloroalkane - white precipitate
21
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bromoalkene - pale cream precipitate
22
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iodoalkane - pale yellow precipitate
23
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alkenes test and result
add bromine water. orange to colourless
24
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Carbonyl group (C=O) test
add 2,4-DNP, sulfuric acid, water and methanol
25
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Carbonyl positive test
aldehyde and ketone form orange precipitate
26
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primary and secondary alcohol test
add acidified potassium dichromate.
27
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primary and secondary alcohol positive test
slowly turns green
28
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False positive for sulfate ions
barium chloride, barium carbonate and barium sulfide are also insoluble
29
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false positive for halide
sulfate ions will also produce preciptate