Equine T Limb - Topography and Arthrology

Topographic Regions

1. Shoulder

2. Point of the shoulder

3. Brachium

4. Antebrachium

5. Carpus

6. Metacarpus

7. Fetlock

8. Pastern

9. Coronet

10. Hoof

11. Chestnut

12. Ergot

13. Digit

14. Withers

What is the shoulder topographic region aka?

Scapular region

What is the point of the shoulder formed by?

Greater tubercle of humerus (bony prominence)

What is the carpus aka?

Knee

What is the metacarpus aka?

Cannon

What is the fetlock aka?

ankle or metacarpophalangeal joint

What is the coronet?

Junction of skin with hoof

What is a chestnut?

Vestigial structure of carpal pad

What is an ergot

Vestigial structure of metacarpal pad located at the level of the fetlock

What are the withers formed by?

Spinous processes of t2-t8

What is shoulderjoint aka?

Glenohumeral joint

What is ankle joint aka?

metacarpophalangeal joint

What makes up the “foot” of the horse?

Hoof and all of the hoof’s contents

What are the withers aka?

Interscapular region

Horses have scapular cartilage. Is this also found in canines?

No

What is metacarpal bone #4 aka?

Lateral splint bone

What is metacarpal bone #3 aka?

Cannon bone

What is the proximal phalanx (P1) aka?

Long pastern bone

What is the middle phalanx (P2) aka?

Short pastern bone

What is the distal phalanx (P3) aka?

Coffin bone

What makes up the “manus” in horses?

carpal bones, metacarpal bones, and phalanges

Sesamoid bone

Bone typically interlocated in tendon with a function to help pull muscles

What do muscles do?

Contract

True or false - muscles themselves can flex or extned

False

Flexion

Decrease in angle of joint

Extension

Increase in angle of joint

Shoulder joint anatomic term

Glenohumeral joint

Elbow joint anatomic term

Cubital joint

Carpal joint common term

Knee

Fetlock joint common term

ankle

Fetlock joint anatomic term

Metacarpophalangeal

Pastern joint anatomic term

Proximal interphalangeal

Coffin joint anatomic term

Distal interphalangeal

Flexor surface of shoulder joint

Caudal

Flexor surface of elbow joint

Cranial

Flexor surface of carpal joint

Caudal

Flexor surface of fetlock, pastern, and coffin joints

Caudal