Unit 3 Study Guide on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties

Flashcards covering key concepts from the Unit 3 Study Guide on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, including important amendments, court cases, and definitions.

Civil Liberties

Rights listed in the Constitution.

Civil Rights

Rights that are fought for; rights denied to certain groups of people.

1st Amendment

Guarantees freedom of speech, religion, press, assembly, and petition.

2nd Amendment

Guarantees the right to bear arms.

4th Amendment

Prohibits unreasonable searches and seizures.

5th Amendment

Includes due process clauses, protection from self-incrimination, no double jeopardy.

6th Amendment

Guarantees the right to a speedy trial, trial by jury, and the right to a lawyer in criminal cases.

7th Amendment

Guarantees the right to a speedy trial, trial by jury, and the right to a lawyer in civil cases

8th Amendment

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment.

14th Amendment

Includes the Due Process Clause and Equal Protection Clause; grants citizenship.

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Eliminates barriers that restricted voting such as poll tax and literacy tests.

Selective Incorporation

The process of applying the Bill of Rights to the states.

Free Exercise Clause

Government cannot infringe on religious practices.

Establishment Clause

Government cannot establish a national religion.

De facto Segregation

Segregation that happens naturally, not enforced by law.

De jure Segregation

Segregation enforced by law.

Title IX

A law ensuring equal opportunities for male and female students in co-curricular activities.

'Separate but Equal'

Legal doctrine established in Plessy v. Ferguson that allowed segregation.

'Separate but not Equal'

Determined in Brown v. Board of Education that 'separate but equal' is unconstitutional.

Limitations on Freedom of Speech

Includes slander, obscenity, commercial speech, and clear and present danger.

Message from Letter from Birmingham Jail

Promoting nonviolence and civil disobedience, written by Martin Luther King Jr.

9th Amendment

10th Amendment