culture shock

artifact

an object that has been made by a person, such as a tool or a decoration, especially one that is of historical interest

barbarian

a member of a group of people from a very different country or culture that is considered to be less socially advanced and more violent than your own

beefeater

a guard at the Tower of London in the UK

cosmopolitan

containing or having experience of people and things from many different parts of the world

courtyard

an area of flat ground outside that is partly or completely surrounded by the walls of a building

craftsman

a person who is skilled in a particular craft

thợ thủ công, nghệ nhân 

Crown jewels

the crown and other jewels (= precious stones) worn at important official ceremonies by the king or queen
one of the most important or valuable features or possessions of a place, organization, etc.

ditch

a long, narrow open hole that is dug into the ground, usually at the side of a road or field, used especially for supplying or removing water or for dividing land (n): cái mương
to get rid of something or someone that is no longer wanted (v)

drawbridge

a bridge that can be raised or brought down in order to protect a castle from attack or to allow big boats to go under it

loch

in Scotland, a lake or inlet of the sea or ocean

melting pot

a place where many different people and ideas exist together, often mixing and producing something new

Norman

people from northern France, especially those who invaded England in 1066 and became its rulers, or to the buildings that were made during their rule

parkland

an area of open land with grass and trees

pond

an area of water smaller than a lake, often artificially made

service sector

the part of a country's economy that is made up of businesses that provide services

skyline

a shape or pattern made against the sky, especially by buildings

textile 

a cloth made by hand or machine

tribe

a group of people, often of related families, who live together, sharing the same language, culture, and history, especially those who do not live in towns or cities (bộ lạc, bộ tộc)

Victorian

from or relating to the period of British history during the rule of Queen Victoria (1837-1901)

Viking

a person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and the 11th centuries, often staying to live in places they travelled to

waxwork

a wax model of a person - tượng sáp

wooden

made of wood

worship

to have or show a strong feeling of respect and admiration for God or a god

ancient

of or from a long time ago, having lasted for a very long time

to be steeped in (history)

To possess or display a certain characteristic or quality to a great degree

tailor-made

specially made for a particular purpose

civilization

human society with its well developed social organizations, or the culture and way of life of a society or country at a particular period in time

cliff

a high area of rock with a very steep side, often on a coast

cutting-edge

very modern and with all the newest features

gateway

an opening in a wall or fence that can be closed by a gate

glacier

a slow-moving mass or river of ice, formed from snow on mountains or near the North Pole or South Pole

Greenland

a large island between the Arctic and Atlantic oceans that is an autonomous territory (= a territory that has its own government) of Denmark

hot spring

spring with water at temperatures substantially higher than the air temperature of the surrounding region - suối nước nóng

Inuit

a member of a Native American people who live in the cold northern areas of North America and Greenland

Lapland

an area that includes the far northern parts of Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Russia and was traditionally home to the Sami people

marble

a type of very hard rock that has a pattern of lines going through it, feels cold, and can be polished to become smooth and shiny - cẩm thạch 

Muslim

a person who follows the religion of Islam

party-going

the practice of attending parties frequently, a social activity involving socializing, drinking, and dancing.

racing track

a dedicated path or facility built for racing vehicles, athletes, or animals, such as cars, bicycles, or horses - đường đua, trường đua

reindeer

a type of deer that has horns like branches and lives in colder, northern parts of the world - tuần lộc

Seven wonders of the world

a collection of remarkable structures from antiquity) and the New Seven Wonders of the World (a list compiled by a global poll in 2007 of significant modern sites - 7 kì quan thế giới 

shelter

(a building designed to give) protection from bad weather, danger, or attack

sled safari

a winter activity where you ride in a sled pulled by a team of husky dogs through snow-covered landscapes, offering an authentic Arctic experience- chạy xe trượt tuyết bằng chó 

snowmobiling

the activity of driving a snowmobile (= a small motor vehicle for travelling on snow and ice) - lái mô tô tuyết 

starter 

a small dish served as the first part of a meal - khai vị 

temple

a building used for the worship of a god or gods in some religions - chùa

amusement park

theme park - công viên giải trí

bird of prey

a bird, such as an eagle or a hawk, that kills and eats small birds and animals - chim săn mồi

borough

administrative district

comprehensive travel insurance

a policy that offers the highest and most extensive level of coverage for a wide range of unforeseen disruptions during a trip - bảo hiểm du lịch toàn diện

concrete

a very hard building material made by mixing together cement, sand, small stones, and water - bê tông

cooling

causing you to feel less warm or hot

department store 

a large shop divided into several different parts, each of which sells different things - cửa hàng bách hoá

gift shop

a shop that sells souvenirs and small items suitable to be given as presents.

indie

An indie company, shop, or other business is small and not owned by a larger company; indie music, films, etc. are made by companies like this - indie stands for independent

mansion

a very large, expensive house: biệt thự 

medical insurance 

Medical insurance is a contract with an insurer that pays for all or part of a person's medical expenses for illness or injury, providing financial protection against high healthcare costs. - bảo hiểm y tế

shell

the hard outer covering of something, especially nuts, eggs, and some animals

steep 

(of a slope) rising or falling at a sharp angle - dốc 

striking 

obvious, interesting, and (esp. of a person) often attractive

tournament

a competition for teams or single players in which a series of games is played, and the winners of each game play against each other until only one winner is left

visa 

official permission to enter a particular country and stay for a fixed length of time, sometimes for a particular purpose such as work or study. A visa usually takes the form of a document fixed in someone's passport, or a mark made in someone's passport - thị thực 

Waiver

an agreement that you do not have to pay or obey something - miễn trừ

stretch

to cause something to reach, often as far as possible, in a particular direction - kéo giãn, duỗi ra 

grizzly bear 

a North American subspecies of brown bear - gấu xám bắc mỹ 

canyon

a large valley with very steep sides and usually a river flowing along the bottom - hẻm núi 

blue music 

a musical genre and form created by African Americans in the Deep South of the United States around the 1860s

whilst

= while: during the time that, or at the same time as

Mediterranean

the sea surrounded by southern Europe, North Africa, and Western Asia - Địa Trung Hải 

well-liked 

a person who is well-liked is popular - được nhiều người yêu mến, ưa chuộng 

chic

stylist and fashionable

excavate

to remove earth that is covering very old objects buried in the ground in order to discover things about the past - khai quật 

ruin

to cause a person or company to lose all their or its money or their or its good reputation (v) the process or state of being spoiled or destroyed (n)

bazaar

an area of small shops and people selling things, especially in West and South Asia, or any group of small shops or people selling goods of the same type - chợ, khu vực thương mại 

neoclassical 

made in a style that is based on the art and building designs of ancient Greece and Rome - tân cổ điển 

vibrant

energetic, exciting, and full of enthusiasm