Excipients (help me)

Acidifying Agent

Provides acidic medium for product stability

Acidifying agent

Citric acid

Acetic acid

Hydrochloric acid

Nitric acid

Alkalinizing agent

Provides alkaline medium for product stability

Alkalinizing agent

Ammonium carbonate

Sodium bicarbonate

Sodium borate

Sodium carbonate

Sodium hydroxide

Adsorbent

Holding other molecules onto its suface by physical or chemical (chemisorption) means

Adsorbent

Powdered Cellulose

Activated Charcoal

Aerosol Propellant

Develop pressure within an aerosol container and expelling the product when the valve is opened.

Aerosol Propellant

CO2

Dichlorodifluoromethane

Dichlorotetrafluoromethane

Trichloromonofluoromethane

Air Displacement

To displace air in a hermitically sealed container to enhance product stability

Air Displacement

Nitrogen

CO2

Antifungal Preservative

Liquid & Semi-solid prep; prevent growth of fungi

Paraben; enhanced use in combination

Antifungal Preservative

Butylparaben

Ethylparaben

Methylparaben

Benzoic Acid

Propylparaben

Sodium Benzoate

Sodium Propionate

Antimicrobial Preservative

Prevents microbial growth

Antimicrobial Preservative

Benzalkonium chloride

Buffers or buffering agent

Potassium metaphosphate

Potassium phosphate, monobasic

Sodium acetate

Sodium citrate, anhydrous and dihydrous

Buffers or buffering agent

Resists change in pH upon dilution or addition of acid or alkali

Chealting Agent

Forms a stable water-soluble complexes with metals; stabilizer to complex heavy metals that promote instability

Chealting Agent

Editic Acid

Edetate Disodium

Colorant

Imparts color to liquid and solid preparations, in order to enhance appeal

Colorant

FD&C (usually colors red, yellow, and blue)

D&C (usually colors green, orange, red)

Ferric oxide, red

Clarifying agent

Bentonite

Clarifying agent

Used as a filtering aid for its adsorbent qualities

Emulsifying Agent

Promote dispersion of particles of liquid in a vehicle.

Emulsifying Agent

Acacia

Cetomacrogol

Cetyl Acohol

Glyceryl Monostearate

Sorbitan Monooleate

Polyoxyelthylene 50 stearate

Encapsulating Agent

Form thin shells to enclose a drug for ease of admin

Encapsulating Agent

Gelatin

Flavorant

Imparts a pleasant flavor and often odor

Flavorant

Anise oil

Cocoa

Menthol

Peppermint oil

Vannilin

Humectant

Prevent drying of prep; ointments & cream

Humectant

Glycerin

Propylene Glycol

Sorbitol

Levigating agent

Liquid used as an intervening agent to reduce the particle size of a powder by grinding, usually in a mortar

Levigating agent

Mineral oil

Glycerin

Propylene glycol

Ointment base

Semisolid vehicle for medicated ointments

Ointment base

Lanolin

Petrolatum

Polyethylene glycol ointment

White ointment

Yellow ointment

Rose water ointment

Plasticizer

To make film more pliable, enhance spread of coat over tablets, beads & granules

Plasticizer

Diethyl Phthalate

Glycerin

Solvent

Dissolves another substance in preparation of a solution

Solvent

Alcohol

Glycerin

Mineral oil

Purified water

Stiffening agent

Increases thickness or hardness of a preparation, usually an ointment

Stiffening agent

Cetyl alcohol

Paraffin

White wax

Yellow wax

Suppository base

Vehicle for suppositories

Suppository base

Cocoa butter

Polyethylene glycols (mixtures)

PEG 3350

Surface active ingredient or surfactant

Substances that absorb to surfaces or interfaces to reduce surface or interfacial tension

Surface active ingredient or surfactant

Benzalkonium chloride

Polysorbate 80

Sodium lauryl sulfate

Sweetening agent

Imparts sweetness to a preparation

Sweetening agent

Aspartame

Dextrose

Glycerin

Saccharin sodium

Sorbitol

Stabilizer

Prevents deterioration or decomposition of preparations, such as antioxidants and chelating agents

Stabilizer

Ascorbic acid

Anti-adherent

Prevents tablet ingredients from sticking to punches and dies during production

Anti-adherent

Magnesium Stearate

Binder

Cause adhesion of powdered drugs and pharmaceutical substances

Binder

Acacia

Alginic acid

Carboxymetylcellulose sodium

Gelatin

Liquid glucose

Diluent

Creates desired bulk, flow properties, and compression characteristics of tablets and capsule

Diluent

Kaolin

Lactose

Mannitol

Starch

Coating agent

Coats tablets to protect against decomposition by oxygen or humidity, to mask taste and ordorr, to provide a desired release pattern, and for aesthetic purposes

Sugar Coating

Liquid Glucose

Sucrose

Film Coating

Hydroxyethyl cellulose

Hydroxypropyl Cellulose

Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose

Methylcellulose (Methocel)

Ethylcellulose(Ethocel)

Enteric Coating

Cellulose Acetate Phhalate

Shellac

Direct-Compression Excipient

Dibasic calcium Phosphate

Disintegrant

Promotes disruption of the mass into smaller particles more readily dispersed or dissolved

Disintegrant

Alginic acid

Sodium alginate

Sodium starch glycolate

Starch

Glidant

Improves flow properties of the powder mixture

Glidant

Colloidal silica

Cornstarch

Talc

Lubricant

Reduces friction during tablet compression

Lubricant

Calcium stearate

Magnesium stearate

Mineral oil

Stearic acid

Zinc stearate

Opaquant

Titanium Dioxide

Opaquant

Render a coating opaque; may be used alone or with a colorant

Polishing agent

Carnauba wax

White wax

Polishing agent

Imparts an attractive sheen to coated tablets