Quiz 1

Computer Programming 1

Computer / Program

It is a sequence of statements whose objectives is to accomplish a task.

Programming

It is a process of planning and creating a program.

Data Type

It specifies the size and type of information the variable will store:

Variables

These are containers for storing data values.

int

stores integers (whole numbers), without decimals, such as 123 or -123

float

stores floating point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99 or -19.99

double

stores floiting point numbers, with decimals, such as 19.99999 or -19.9999

char

stores single characters, such as 'a' or 'B'.

string

stores text, such as "Hello World".

double

String values are surrounded by _____ quotes

single

Char values are surrounded by ______ quotes

bool/ Boolean

stores values with two states: true or false

variabale or the name of the variable

*type* *variable* = *value*;

\
The unique identifier there is?

FALSE

\
Correct: Variable names can contain letters, digits and underscores.

Variable names cannot contain letters, digits and underscores.

FALSE

\
Correct:

Variable names must begin with a letter or an underscore (_).

Variable names must begin with a letter or an underscore (_) or special characters.

FALSE

\
Correct: Names are case sensitive ( **myVar** and **myvar** are different variables).

Names are not case sensitive ( **myVar** and **myvar** are same variables).

TRUE

Reserved words (like C++ keywords, such as **int** ) cannot be used as names.

FALSE

Variable Name: TRUE OR FALSE

\
int float = 4;

FALSE

\
Correct: *type* *variable* = *value*;

Syntax of declaring variable: TRUE OR FALSE

\
*type* *value* = *variable*;

const

This keyword will declare the variable as "constant", which means **unchangeable and read-only**

**** library

To use **strings,** you must include an additional header in the source code, the **_____**:

string

The ____ type is used to store a sequence of characters (text). 

Operators

____ are used to perform operations on variables and values.

Assignment

____ operators are used to assign values to variables.

Arithmetic

___ operators are used to perform common mathematical operations.

Bjarne Stroustoop

a Danish computer scientist at Bell Labs in the United States

December 30, 1950

\

When was the birth of Bjarne Stroustoop?

In 1975 at Aarhus University

\

When did Bjarne Stroustoop received his master’s degree in mathematics and where?

In 1979 at Cambridge University

\

When did Bjarne Stroustoop received his Ph.D in Computer Science and where?

C++

_________ is based on C and it retains much of that language, including a rich operator set.

TRUE

Every C++ program has a function called main.

TRUE OR FALSE

a.) object-oriented language

C++

a.) object-oriented language

b.) procedural language

Portability

____ refers to using the same piece of code in varied environments.

b.) middle

**C++** is regarded as a **___**-**level language**,

a.) low

b.) middle

c.) high

b.) compiler based

C++ is ____ language?

a.) interpreter-based

b.) compiler based

**OOP (Object-Oriented Programming):**

*C++ is an object-oriented language*, unlike C which is a procedural language. This is one of the most important features of C++. It employs the use of objects while programming.

**Platform or Machine Independent/ Portable**:

In simple terms, portability refers to using the same piece of code in varied environments. **C++** is ultra **portable** and has compilers available on more platforms than you can shake a stick at. Languages like Java are typically touted as being massively cross platform, ironically they are in fact usually implemented in C++, or C.

**Simple:**

When we start off with a new language, we expect to understand in depth. The simple context of __C++ Links to an external site.__ gives an appeal to programmers, who are eager to learn a new programming language.

**Mid-level programming language:**

**C++** is regarded as a **middle**-**level language**, as it comprises a combination of both high-**level** and low-**level language** features. It is a superset of C, and that virtually any legal C **program** is a legal **C++ program**. 

**Case sensitive:**

Just like C, it is pretty clear that the C++ programming language treats the uppercase and lowercase characters in a different manner.

**Compiler-Based:**

Unlike Java and Python that are interpreter-based, C++ is a compiler based language and hence it a relatively much faster than Python and Java.

**DMA (Dynamic Memory Allocation):**

Since C++ supports the use of pointers, it allows us to allocate memory dynamically. We may even use constructors and destructors while working with classes and objects in C++.

**Rich Library**

The C++ programming language offers a library full of in-built functions that make things easy for the programmer. These functions can be accessed by including suitable header files.

**Fast:** 

C++ is compiler-based hence it is much faster than other programming languages like Python and Java that are interpreter-based.

**Recursion:**

When function is called within the same function, it is known as **recursion** in C++. The function which calls the same function, is known as **recursive** function

Source Code

______ is the human-readable form of a C++ program. It can’t be run until it is compiled and linked.

Library

A ____ is a collection of linkable files that provide useful functions and classes that you can rely on in your programs.

function

A_____ is a block of code that performs a task, such as multiplying two numbers or displaying a text.

class

A _____ is the definition of a new type of data and related functions.

1. Open Dev C++
2. Open New Source File
3. Write your C++ code in workspace
4. Save, Compile and Run
5. Display the error or output

Steps in creating C++ program

* Single-Line Comment
* Multiple-Line Comment

Two types of comments

Single-Line Comment

starts with the pair of symbols // .Two slash signs indicate that the rest of the line is a comment inserted by the programmer but which has no effect on the behavior of the program.

Multiple-line Comments

enclosed between /\* and \*/.  The compiler ignores anything that appears between the comments.

**#include **

Header file library that lets us work with input object (cin function) and output object (count function)

preprocessor

They are special lines interpreted before the compilation of the program itself begins.

hash sign (#)

Lines beginning with a _____ are directives read and interpreted by what is known as the preprocessor

directives read

Lines beginning with a hash sign **(#)** are _____ and interpreted by what is known as the preprocessor

**using namespace std;**

Which indicates to the system where the standard library is.

**“std”**

**__** is an abbreviation for standard

**main ()**

This line initiates the declaration of a function- a group of code statements which are given a name:

open brace ({)

The ___ at line 5 indicates the beginning of main's function definition,

closing brace (})

the ____ at line 7, indicates the end of the function.

TRUE

Every C++ statement ends with a semicolon.

**\n** and **endl** , \\n

Both __ __are used to break lines. However,__ _ is used more often and is the preferred way.

FALSE

Correct:

Programming in C++ does not require a graphics environment, and C++ programs do not incur runtime expense from type checking or garbage collection.

Programming in C++ does equire a graphics environment, and C++ programs do incur runtime expense from type checking or garbage collection.

C with Classes

What does C++ mean?

C++

has held a spot among the world’s top programming languages for decades and still remains a contemporary and useful choice for software development on desktop computers, servers, embedded devices like phones and many other computing environments.

C++

Originally, it was designed as an improvement upon the C programming, which was developed by Bell Labs.

C

It gained a large following, in part due to its use in the development of the UNIX operating system.

1982

When is ANSI created?

American National Standards Institute (ANSI) committee

Meaning of ANSI?

1989

When was the standard for the C language is created?

**1983**

In **____**, Stroustrup’s contributions officially became known as C++, its name stemming from C and adding the ++ (increment) operator.

1998

When was the international standard for C++ is established?

CPL-Combined Programming Language

Programming language created in 1963

CPL-Combined Programming Language

CPL means?

BCPL- Basic Combined Programming Language

BCPL means?

Members of University Mathematical of London & Cambridge

Who invented CPL?

Cambridge University

Where was the CPL invented?

BCPL  -Basic Combined Programming Language

Programming language created in 1967

Martin Richards

Who invented BCPL?

Algol 58

Programming language created in 1958

Algol 60

Programming language created in 1960

Algol 68

Programming language created in 1968

John Backus

Who invented Algol 58?

Peter Naur

Who invented Algol 60?

Van Wijngaarden

Who invented Algol 68?

Cambridge University

Where was the BCPL invented?

Europe & US

Where was the Algol invented?

B

Programming language created in 1970

C

Programming language created in 1972

C++

Programming language created in 1980’s

Dennis Ritchie

Who invented C?

Ken Thompson

Who invented B?

Classes

extension of the struct construct in C

* C++ program

is a collection of functions.

TRUE

* Every C++ program has a function called main.

TRUE or FALSE

* OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)
* Platform or Machine Independent/ Portable
* Simple
* Mid-level programming language
* Case sensitive
* Compiler-Based
* DMA (Dynamic Memory Allocation)
* Rich Library
* Fast
* Recursion

Enumerate features of C++.

* .cpp (most common)
* .cxx
* .c
* .cp

Enumerate file extensions of C++.

**.cpp**

extension which is the most common choice for C++ programmers and the default for some compilers