Lesson 5 and 6 Cell System Vocab

photosynthesis

cells capture energy in sunlight and use it to make food in this process, means “putting together with light”

autotrogh

producer, organism able to create its own food in the form of glucose (energy-giving sugar)

equation

a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction: using numbers and letters to show the events of photosynthesis leading to the production of glucose

heterotroph

consumer, organism that cannot make its own food, obtains energy by eating or absorbing other organisms

chlorophyll

green, photosynthetic pigment found in chloroplasts (in cells of plants, algae, and some bacteria)

Convert

to change form (as in substances or energy)

Pigment

a colored substance, absorbs light energy

glucose

sugar molecule in food, chemical formula = C6H12O6

carbon dioxide

gas molecule in the air, chemical formula = CO2

Compound

similar to molecule

products

substances created by photosynthesis or cellular respiration (AFTER)

reactants

raw materials used for photosynthesis or cellular respiration (BEFORE)

oxygen

gas molecule in the air, chemical formula = O2

Source

The location where something is made or acquired

Produce

To make, to yield, to create from raw materials

Fermentation

The release of energy from food (glucose) without using oxygen (a form of respiration used by bacteria, yeast, and muscle cells)

cellular respiration

The process in which oxygen and glucose undergo a complex series of chemical reactions inside cells, releasing energy, carried out by all living things

chloroplasts

an organelle in cells where photosynthesis occurs (captures sunlight and changes it to food energy)

mitochondria

plural-form, rod-shaped structures whose function is to convert energy from food into a form the cell can use (“energy powerhouse”), singular form = mitochondrion