Cell Energy & Cell Transport & Plants Review

starting molecule of krebs cycle

pyruvic acid

site of cellular respiration

mitochondria

equation for cellular respiration

C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

aerobic vs anerobic respiration

aerobic - with oxygen. anaerobic - without.

process in cytoplasm

glycolysis

sequence of cell respiration

glycolisis, krebs cycle, electron transport chain

glycolisis

The first step in releasing the energy of glucose.

products of glycolisis

Two molecules of pyruvic acid and a small amount of ATP.

released during resp.

ATP

release of energy in cell respiration

glucose into ATP

starting molecule of glycolysis

glucose

What are the products of photosynthesis?

Oxygen and glucose

What does photosynthesis create?

Energy

= reactants of cell respiration

Oxygen and glucose

What does cell respiration release?

Energy

cell respiration vs photosynthesis

opposites

does cellular respiration CREATE or RELEASE?

release

does photosynthesis CREATE or RELEASE?

create

glucose to ATP ratio

1 = 36/38

plant gives off gas in sunlight, it is

oxygen

Plants need carbon dioxide from their environment to produce glucose during which stage of photosynthesis?

light independent stage

How are heterotrophs different from autotrophs?

get their food by eating living things

electron t. chain uses glycolysis & krebs electrons to synthesize

ATP

the _____ produced by photosynthesis are used in cellular respiration

sugars

why do muscle cells have high concentration of mitochondria?

lots of energy

the cell respiration equation produces...

same number of hydrogen atoms as it uses

why do organisms need food?

to produce ATP

types of fermentation

alchoholic & lactic acid

fermentation is

anerobic

lactic fermentation occurs in

animal muscle cells

ATP is broken down into ADP in

last section (C, D)

energy from ATP is released when

a phosphate group is removed

Hydrolysis

molecules broken down by water

photosynthesis equation

6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Location of Light Dependent Reaction

thylakoid

grana

stacks of thykaloids

stroma

surrounds grana, in chloroplast

photosynthesis uses sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into

oxygen, glucose

products of light dependent reaction

ATP, NADPH, oxygen

calvin cycle vs light dependent

calvin: makes ATP and NADPH, dependent: after, uses products to convert carbon dioxide to glucose

reactants of calvin cycle

ATP, NADPH, CO2

calvin cycle also called

light independent reaction

location of chlorophyll

found in thylakoid

products of calvin cycle

glucose, ADP, NADP+

light absorbing molecules

pigments

in light dependent reaction, h2o and light form..

oxygen

in calvin cycle, co2 forms

C6H12O6

label image (stacks of circles)

grana

label image (individual circles)

thylakoids

label image (around circle stacks)

stroma

diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Equilibrium

continuous movement of particles but no change in concentration

Exocytosis

release of wastes of cell products from inside to outside of cell

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane

Plasmolysis

loss of water from a cell resulting in drop in turgor pressure in plants. plasma membrane detaches from cell wall

a membrane that allows only somme materials to pass

selective permeability

functions of cell membrane

protect and regulate what comes in and out of cell, selective permeability, allows exocytosis/endocytosis

molecule that provides energy in active transport

ATP

what organelle plays a large role in exocytosis by packaging proteins into vessicles?

golgi apparatus

if a cell normally contains 70% solute inside, and 60% solute outside, what happens?

hypotonic swelling

molecules moving from high to low conc.

passive transport

molecules moving from low to high conc.

active transport

dynamic equilibrium

molecules even inside & out

does diffusion require energy?

no

does active transport require energy?

yes

water rushes into vacuole

osmosis

force that causes water to rush in vac.

turgor pressure

does turgor pressure increase or decrease in hypotonic

increase

if cell is not watered, what tonicity is going on?

hypertonic, water goes out

ameoba engulfs particle of food

endocytosis

cell expels waste

exocytosis

do endo/exocytosis require energy?

yes, they require energy

are endo/excotyosis active transport or passive?

they are active transport

channel protein

transport protein with tube opening

transport protein that changes shape when particle binds w/ it

carrier protein

go and study the parts of a cell membrane

Ok

what do gaurd cells do

open/close stomata depending on water amt.

xylem

transports water

phloem

transports sugars

phototropism

plants move to light

thigmotropism

plants react to touch (ivy)

auxin

plant hormone to make them grow bigger & quicker, elongates cell

male parts of flower

staments, filament, anther

female parts of flower

pistil (stigma, style, ovary, ovule)

mesophyll

central layer of cells contains chloroplasts

cuticle

outermost layer of protection on leaf

lastly, overview the parts of a flower so you can lable them!

i will go and study flowers!