Regional Anatomy of Lower Limb

subinguinal hiatus borders

Superior: inguinal ligament

Inferior: hip bone

subinguinal hiatus compartments

lacuna musculo-nervosa

lacuna vasorum

lacuna lymphatica

Lacuna musculonervosa (lateral)

lateral cutaneous nerve

iliopsoas

femoral nerve

Lacuna vasorum (middle)

femoral vein and artery

Lacuna Lymphatica (Herniosa)

Rosenmuller lymph nodes (largest)

Fat

iliopectineal fossa

contains the femoral and deep femoral nerve

borders: iliopsoas laterally and pectineus medially

femoral canal

Medial compartment of femoral sheath

Opening is closed by femoral septum

Contents: condensation of fat, LN, lymphatic vessels

greater sciatic foramen

greater sciatic notch + sacrum + sacrospinous ligament

suprapiriform foramen

greater sciatic foramen above piriformis

superior gluteal artery, vein, nerve

infrapiriform foramen

greater sciatic foramen below piriformis

inferior gluteal artery, vein, nerve; sciatic nerve; posterior cutaneous nerve; pudendal nerve; internal pudendal artery and vein

lesser sciatic foramen

lesser sciatic notch + sacrospinous ligament + sacrotuberous ligament

Contents: pudendal nerve, internal pudendal artery and vein

femoral triangle borders

Sartorius (lateral)

Adductor longus (medial)

Inguinal ligament (base)

Adductor longus, pectineus, iliopsoas (floor)

femoral triangle contents

femoral nerve, femoral artery, femoral vein

adductor canal boundaries

Anteromedial: sartorius

Lateral: vastus medialis

Posterior: adductor longus and magnus

Apex: adductor hiatus

adductor canal contents

femoral artery and vein, saphenous nerve, nerve to vastus medialis

adductor hiatus

between the adductor magnus muscle passage of femoral vessels from the anterior thigh to the posterior thigh

popliteal fossa boundaries

Upper lateral: biceps femoris

Upper medial: semitendinosus + semimembranosus

Lower lateral and medial: heads of gastrocnemius

Floor: popliteus muscle, back capsule of knee joint, popliteal surface of femur

popliteal fossa contents

popliteal artery

popliteal vein

tibial nerve

common fibular nerve

termination of small saphenous vein

popliteal LN + fat

Pes Anserinus (Goose's Foot)

sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus

flexor retinaculum

medial malleolus to calcaneus

Contents: tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, flexor hallucis longus, posterior tibial vessels and nerve

superior and inferior peroneal retinaculum

peroneus longus + brevis

superior and inferior extensor retinaculum

tibialis anterior

extensor hallucis longus

anterior tibial vessels + nerve

extensor digitorum longus

peroneus tertius

begin of great saphenous vein