History quiz review #2

How did being apart from the rest of Europe impact England and the British Isles?

The British Isles were able to develop in relative isolation compared to the rest of Europe.

What is the Magna Carta? What did it impact and/or change?

England had forced on their monarchs' limitations on the “Divine Right of Kings” in the order to form the _____ _____(1215), which stated that the people had certain rights that not even a king could violate.

Why were 2nd sons heavily involved in the Merchant Class in England?

The growth of trade led also to the growth in the merchant class usually composed of younger

sons denied the inheritance of their family’s estate.

When Queen Elizabeth died, who did the throne fall to?

She left no heir so the throne fell to the Stuart family and James VI of Scotland, (James l)

What were the characteristics of King James I reign?

He was insensitive to the will of the people, claiming that he only answered to God.

Who were the Puritans? What did they want to do?

Dissenters who opposed the Archbishops and Bishops of the Angelican church; wanted to purify the Angelican church of anything catholic.

How did King Charles I die? Why?

Beheaded for treason

Who took the place of the king between 1648-1660?

Oliver Cromwell and Parliament

What was the Glorious Revolution? What role did William and Mary play in the Revolution?

Parliament succesion in winning its freedom from the crown and established itself as an independent, and equal, institution ;In 1688 Parliament invited Mary Stuart and her husband, William III, prince of Orange, to jointly rule the throne.

What was the biggest benefit for American colonists in the English Bill of Rights?

No taxes were allowed to be levied without the consent of Parliament (no taxation without representation)

What type of company was the Virginia Company? What was the goal of the company?

Joint stock company. They were expected to turn a profit to their investors.

Which countries had male dominated colonies in the “New World”?

Spain and France

What reasons (benefits) did England have to colonize the “New World”?

They were much more populous than Spanish or French colonies

Which countries had the most populous colonies?

New England, New France, Dutch New Netherlands

What was the first permanent English colony in North America?

Jamestown (Virginia)

Who was Powhatan? How did he rule?

Was the chief of the Native Americans. Was an imperialist. Had a powerful group, established trade with Jamestown and helped keep the colonists alive for the first winter. Killed Englishmen who would steal his corn.

What were the early years of Jamestown

As this Virginia Company was expected to turn a profit to their investors, the majority of settlers who arrived were more interested in discovering gold than farming and establishing

a settlement.

They were all ill within the first year – no immunity to new diseases.

Hunger – they could not find enough to eat – most were poor townsmen who did not know

The natives didn’t submit to their authority

What is the crop that saved Jamestown? What group worked the fields of that crop?

Tobacco, and they got indentured servants to work.

Who was Pocahontas? Why was she important?

Wife of John Rolfe. Convinced her father not to execute John Smith in exchange for muskets, hatchets, beads, and trinkets.

What is the headright system?

It was a system where anyone who bought a share of the company and paid for their own or another’s passage to Virginia received 50 acres of land; and 50 more acres of land for each slave/servant they brought.

What is the name of the first settlement in Maryland?

St. Clements

What did the Toleration Act of 1649 try to do?

It stated – all Christians are welcome regardless of their denomination or beliefs

• It also promised that it would execute anyone that did not acknowledge the divinity of Jesus –

Jews, atheists, etc.

• The hope was that this would protect the Catholics who were still a minority

Why did Bacon’s Rebellion take place?

Pressure on Indians land – lots of new settlers – Tensions!

The rich had the most fertile land

• The rich forced freed indentured servants to work for them or move inland – at a disadvantage

1676 – Poor settlers were mad at the Native Americans and the lack of support from

Governor Berkeley and the rich landowners.

Natives kill a planter’s herdsman – settlers retaliate