Biology Ecosystems

salty environment

hypertonic environment

watery environment

hypotonic environment

number of organisms of one species in a particular area at a particular time

population

populations of different species living in a particular area

community

biotic and abiotic factors in an area

ecosystem

where the organism lives

habitat

a feature that helps the organism to survive

adaptation

types of adaptations

structural, behavioural, physiological

trophic levels

producer, primary consumer, secondary consumer, tertiary consumer

types of consumers

herbivore, carnivore, omnivore, detritivore

competition between 2 species

interspecific competition

interspecific competition impact

-/-

competition within a species

intraspecific competition

intraspecific competition impact

-/-

predator prey impact

+/-

one species kills and eats the other

predator prey

one species is harmed, the other unaffected

amensalism

amensalism impact

-/0

both species benefit

mutualism

mutualism impact

+/+

one organism uses another as a host for resources

parisitism

parisitism impact

+/-

one species benefits, the other is unaffected

commensalism

commensalism impact

+/0

2 species live closely together

symbiosis

types of distribution

uniform, random, clumped

how many organisms are in one place at one time

density

density factors where impact on members of a population is not affected by population size

independent factors

density factors where impact on members of a population is affected by population size

dependent factors

spread out distribution

uniform

distribution that tends to be grouped

random

distribution that is more together than random

clumped

model of population that shows exponential growth

J curve

model of population that shows density dependent growth and has a carrying capacity

S curve

types of intrinsic growth

r and k

type of intrinsic growth where populations are short lived

r selected

type of intrinsic growth where populations are long lived

k selected

the limits to an environmental condition an organism can live and survive with

tolerance range

asexual reproduction, cell divides in half. found in prokaryotes and eukaryotes

binary fission

asexual reproduction, the duplication of cells. eg. spore formation in fungi or algae

mitosis

asexual reproduction, plant releases runners

vegetative propagation

asexual reproduction, a daughter organism is created from a growth or bud. eg. hydra

budding

asexual reproduction, an organism breaks into smaller parts which become daughter organisms. eg. starfish

fragmentation

asexual reproduction, an embryo develops from an unfertilised egg. eg. komodo dragon

parthenogenesis