Ch 10 CV System

• 
  Reduces LDL and triglycerides while increases HDL

• 
  Statin/niacin combination

• 
  Causes vasodilatation; reduces the workload of the heart

ACE inhibitor

• 
  Reduces production of triglycerides

Fibrate

• Reduces the heart rate and cardiac output

Beta blocker

What medication is often prescribed for patients to take for 3–6 months after having a heart attack?

Coumadin

How do calcium channel blockers work to treat hypertension?

Interrupt the movement of calcium into the heart and vessel cells, causing vasodilatation

How do beta blockers work to treat hypertension?

Reduce heart rate and cardiac output, and reduce the workload of the heart, and open blood vessels

For which diagnoses are thiazide diuretics the appropriate treatment protocol?

Diabetes and chronic kidney disease with pre-hypertension

What are the treatment protocols for angiotensin II receptor blockers?

May be used with a diuretic for stage 1 and stage 2 hypertension

May be used for hypertension in patients with coronary artery disease, heart failure, or kidney failure

Which of the following describes an increased risk of developing comorbidities when metabolic syndrome is present?

Five times as likely to develop diabetes

Twice as likely to develop heart disease

More likely to be at risk of heart disease, diabetes, and stroke

• 
  Identifies occlusions of veins with the use of a transducer

• 
  Doppler studies

• Records the electrical activity of the heart for a 24-hour period of time

Holter

• 
  Assesses the structure and movement of various parts of the heart

Echocardiogram

What conditions would require Doppler studies?

Lack of pedal pulse 

Intermittent claudication

Leg ulcers that refuse to heal

Which diagnostic procedure is used to obtain a two-dimensional image of an artery?

Duplex Doppler

Which disorder does a sonogram diagnose?

Aneurysm

What cardiovascular anomalies can be identified by an angiography?

Arterial abnormalities

Abnormal blood vessels

Blood flow through a vessel

What are the goals of angioplasty?

• Reduce the need for cardiac medication

• Reduce the number of episodes of angina

• Restore blood flow to ischemic myocardial tissue

Angioplasty

a minimally invasive procedure used to widen narrowed or blocked arteries

A catheter is placed through vessels into the heart and coronary arteries followed by the injection of a contrast material, which is detected via fluoroscopy.

Which statement best describes arterial catheterization?

Which disorders does angiogram diagnose?

Emboli

Aneurysm

Arteriosclerotic disease

Sclerotherapy

Sclerotherapy is a noninvasive therapeutic, not diagnostic, procedure for varicose veins in which a chemical is injected into a vein to cause irritation and scarring inside the vein to close it off.

Venography

is an invasive diagnostic procedure in which a dye is injected into a large vein of the foot or ankle while X-ray films are taken to determine the site of a thrombus.

Endovenous ablation therapy

is a surgical procedure for varicose veins in which a catheter is inserted. A device at the tip of the tube is heated in the inside of the vein in order to close it off.

Warfarin anticoagulant therapy

Warfarin, a non-surgical oral blood thinner, prevents clots from increasing in size for patients with deep vein thrombosis.

What data are pacemakers designed to monitor?

• 
  Temperature

• Breathing rate

• Blood pressure

What are the functions of implantable defibrillator?

Monitors heart rhythm

Delivers electric shock to the myocardium