Karyotypes

autosomal chromosomes range

position 1 - 22

autosomal chromosomes

Non-sex chromosome (chromosomes 1 – 22).

Sex chromosome

Chromosome 23

Gene

A section of DNA located on a chromosome pair that specifies a particular trait.

Male chromosomes

XY

Female Chromosomes

XX

Karyotype

A picture of the chromosomes found in a cell

Nondisjunction

The uneven division of chromosomes

occurrence of nondisjunction

Anaphase 1 or Anaphase 2

Trisomy disorder (look at 21)

One extra chromosome in the cell

Monosomy disorder

Missing one chromosome in the cell

Down Syndrome

3 chromosomes in position 21; trisomy 21

Edwards Syndrome

3 chromosomes in position 18; trisomy 18

Patau Syndrome

3 chromosomes in position 13; trisomy 13

Triple X Syndrome

3 X chromosomes in position 23; trisomy X

Kleinfelter’s Syndrome

Extra X chromosome for males in position 23

Super male Syndrome

Extra Y chromosome for males in position 23

Turner’s Syndrome

One X chromosome in position 23; monosomy X0

Cri du chat Syndrome

partial monosomy in position 5