Exam 1 Questions

The ___ of Covid-19 represents the number of new cases of Covid-19 within a given time period.

a) mortality rate

b) comorbidity rate

c) incidence rate

d) prevalence rate

c) incidence rate

___ explanations view psychological disorders as the result of cruelty, stress, or poor living conditions.

a) humanitarian

b) scientific

c) spiritual

d) none of the above

a) humanitarian

Erin is in treatment for binge eating disorder. In order to assess medication effectiveness, she alternates between weeks of being on and off her medication while recording her binge eating behaviors as shown below. This is an example of ___.

a) a concordance rate design

b) a single case experimental design

c) a correlational design

d) a between subjects design.

b) a single case experimental design

When using the experimental design, the variable whose level is adjusted or controlled (i.e. manipulated) by the experimenter is known as the ___ variable.

a) secondary

b) dependent

c) independent

d) relational

c) independent

While determining the cause of an abnormal behavior, which of the following can be categorized as a psychological contribution?

a) disturbance in motor functions due to injuries

b) disturbances in thoughts and feelings

c) hormonal imbalance in the body

d) abnormal structure of certain chromosomes

b) disturbances in thoughts and feelings

Who developed psychoanalysis in the early 1900s?

a) B. F. Skinner

b) Emil Kraepelin

c) Sigmund Freud

d) Stephen Pinker

c) Sigmund Freud

Alfred works at a car manufacturing company. The spray paint used on the assembly line is toxic in nature and as a result of being exposed to these toxic substances, Alfred has been experiencing intense depressive episodes due to changes in his brain functioning. From the available information, it would be most accurate to conclude that ___ causes are responsible for Alfred's depression.

a) mystical

b) biological

c) supernatural

d) sociocultural

b) biological

The ___ of Covid-19 represents the number of people who have ever had the disease over a given time period.

a) incidence rate

b) mortality

c) concordance rate

d) prevalence rate

d) prevalence rate

The process of remaining objective and testing ideas about the nature of psychological phenomena without bias is the basis for the ________ method.

a) historical

b) scientific

c) humanitarian

d) socio-cultural

b) scientific

This variable is hypothesized to "depend" on the independent variable.

a) confounding variable

b) dependent variable

c) mediator variable

d) moderator variable

b) dependent variable

___ explanations regard abnormal behavior as the product of possession by evil or demonic spirits.

a) psychological

b) scientific

c) humanitarian

d) spiritual

d) spiritual

Participants' expectations of what is going to happen to them in an experiment are referred to as ___.

a) demand characteristics

b) double-blind variables

c) dependent variables

d) independent variables.

a) demand characteristics

Which of the following was one of the most significant reasons for the declining conditions in mental institutions during the 1800s?

a) the increasing popularity of science

b) lack of religious faith

c) nonavailability of patients

d) overcrowding

d) overcrowding

A ___ is a procedure in which a clinician provides a formal evaluation of an individual's cognitive, personality, and psychosocial functioning.

a) psychological assessment

b) medical diagnosis

c) clinical review

d) personality test

a) psychological assessment

Which of the following is NOT one of the areas of functioning assessed by a mental status examination?

a) behavior

b) insight

c) socioeconomic status

d) content of thought

c) socioeconomic status

Jonathan conducts a psychological assessment on Amy. In his report he makes generic and vague statements about her that do not specifically characterize her. The statements describe Amy as a strong person but also suggest that she could display fragility under difficult circumstances. This can be true for most people. Which of the following is Jonathan's interpretation characteristic of?

a) Barnum effect

b) Pygmalion effect

c) Placebo effect

d) Halo effect

a) Barnum effect

___ is an index of intelligence derived from comparing the individual's score on an intelligence test with the mean score for that individual's reference group.

a) MPTI code

b) deviation intelligence score

c) a standardized T score

d) MMPI standardized score

b) deviation intelligence score

Scott has just taken a self-report inventory that will indicate his scores on the five personality dimensions, or sets of traits. The scales are designed so the test-taker can complete them as well as individuals who know the test-taker, such as spouses, partners, or relatives. Scott has just taken the ___.

a) MMPI-2

b) WAIS

c) NEO-PI-R

d) PAI

c) NEO-PI-R

You accidentally walk into a room where a psychologist is conducting a Rorschach Test with a client. You are most likely to overhear the client say ___.

a) "I would consider myself very creative."

b) "2, 7, 9, 8, 3."

c) "It looks like two bears dancing."

d) "That woman is sad because she is remembering everything she lost."

c) "It looks like two bears dancing."

Why are clients less guarded about their responses on projective tests?

a) the tests describe a client's "personality" as distinct from the client's symptoms

b) client's don't know how the assessor will interpret their answers

c) the tests assess a client's auditory information processing speed, flexibility, and calculation ability

d) the tests focus on the client's current status rather than asking about symptoms over a previous period of time

b) client's don't know how the assessor will interpret their answers

Which of the following is the most famous projective technique?

a) Personal Orientation Inventory

b) Rorschach Inkblot Test

c) Thematic Apperception Test

d) Kinetic Family Drawing Test

b) Rorschach Inkblot Test

A person taking the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is asked to ___.

a) draw a picture of his or her family engaging in some everyday activity

b) keep a running log of problem behaviors for a week

c) answer several fill-in-the-blank questions

d) tell a story about the scene shown on the card

d) tell a story about the scene shown on the card

An assessment method that provides a picture of the brain's structures or level of activity and therefore is a useful tool for "looking" at the brain is known as ___.

a) neuroblastoma

b) neuroimaging

c) neurogenic claudication

d) neurosurgery

b) neuroimaging