Carboxylic Acid and their Derivatives Reactivity Review

A set of flashcards focusing on the fundamental concepts and reactions related to carboxylic acids and their derivatives.

Carboxylic Acid

An organic acid characterized by the presence of a carboxyl group (-COOH).

Esterification

A chemical reaction that forms an ester from an alcohol and an acid with the elimination of water.

Acid Chloride

A derivative of carboxylic acid formed by replacing the hydroxyl group (-OH) with a chlorine atom.

Saponification

The process of making soap by reacting a fat or oil with an alkali, resulting in the formation of glycerol and soap.

Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution

A reaction mechanism in which a nucleophile attacks an acyl compound, resulting in the substitution of a leaving group.

Grignard Reagent

A reactive organomagnesium compound used in organic synthesis for forming carbon-carbon bonds.

LiAlH4

Lithium aluminium hydride, a strong reducing agent used to reduce esters, carboxylic acids, and amides.

Reactivity of Esters

Esters can undergo hydrolysis, transesterification, and can be reduced to alcohols.

Amides

Derivatives of carboxylic acids where the hydroxyl group is replaced with an amine or ammonia.

Pyridine

A basic heterocyclic organic compound used as a solvent and reagent in organic reactions.