Types of neurons and parts of a neuron

Vocabulary flashcards covering neuron parts and neuron types (unipolar, bipolar, multipolar) along with related roles and microscopic identification.

Axon

A long projection of a neuron that conducts electrical impulses away from the cell body toward other neurons, muscles, or glands.

Dendrite

Branch-like extensions that receive signals from other neurons and convey them toward the cell body.

Cell body (soma)

The metabolic center of the neuron containing the nucleus and most of the cell's organelles.

Unipolar neuron

A neuron with a single process that splits into peripheral and central processes; typically carries general sensory information.

Bipolar neuron

A neuron with two processes (one dendrite and one axon); typically carries special sensory information.

Multipolar neuron

A neuron with multiple dendrites and a single axon; typically motor neurons or interneurons.

Interneuron

A neuron that transmits impulses between other neurons within the CNS; most are multipolar.

Motor neuron

A neuron that carries impulses from the CNS to muscles or glands; typically multipolar.