AP test 3

Collagen

protein in bones that gives them flexibility

Hydroxyapatite

Ca2+ PO4-
Calcium phosphate
Bone strength

Lamellae

thin layers of bone matrix that form the structure of compact bone, providing support and strength. Rings around Osteon

Lacunae

small spaces within bone matrix that house osteocytes, aiding in the maintenance of bone tissue. tiny holes

canaliculi

tiny channels that connect lacunae, allowing for communication and transport between osteocytes.

Periosteum

Connective tissue on outside of bone

Sharpeys fibers

Connect peritoneum to bone

osteoblast vs osteoclast

OB: Make ECM (bone)

OC: Break down ECM (bone)

Chondroblast

Make ECM (cartilage)

fibroblast

Make ECM (dense fibrous CT)

Osteocytes

Maintain the ECM (bone)

epiphysis

ends of long bones.
proximal and distal

diaphysis

shaft of long bone

medullary cavity

In the shaft
contains yellow bone marrow

epiphyseal growth plate

increases length of bone

appositional growth

Outside
Growth on outside
Wider

When would bone remodeling occur?

All answers are correct

Sequence of events during bone growth of epiphyseal plate

1. proliferation

2. hypertrophy

3. calcification

4. cell death

5. ossification

6. remodeling

PHC CD OR

Steps to repair broken bone

1. hematoma (blood clot)

2. fibrocartilage callus formation

3. bony callus formation

4. remodeling of bone

axial vs appendicular skeleton

Axial: head, neck, trunk

Appendicular: limbs

Saggital suture

between parietal bones

coronal suture

between frontal and parietal bones

Where does the femur articulate on the coxal?

head to acetabulum

where does the humerus articulate with scapula?

head to glenoid cavity

where does the humerus articulate with the radius?

capitulum to head

where does the humerus articulate with ulna?

Trochea to trochlear notch

Where does the manidble articulate

temporal bone

vertebral curvatures in child vs adult

2 vs 4

ampiarthrosis joint example

inter vertebral discs

slightly moveable

freely moveable joint

diarthrosis

a suture is what type of joint?

synarthrosis