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Psychotherapy
treatment involving psychological techniques; consists of interactions between a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth
app: therapy
biomedical therapy
prescribed medications or procedures that act directly on the person's physiology
app: zoloft
eclectic approach
an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the client's problems, uses techniques from various forms of therapy
app: combination of talk and meds
Psychoanalysis
Freud's theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts; the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious tensions
app: unconscious causes
Resistance
in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material
app: repression
interpretation
in psychoanalysis, the analyst's noting supposed dream meanings, resistances, and other significant behaviors and events in order to promote insight
app: meaning of dreams
psychodynamic therapy
therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight
app: live and learn unconsiously
insight therapies
a variety of therapies that aim to improve psychological functioning by increasing a person's awareness of underlying motives and defenses
app: self awareness
client-centered therapy
a humanistic therapy, developed by Carl Rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine, accepting, empathic environment to facilitate clients' growth.
app: person-centered therapy
active listening
Empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. A feature of Rogers' client-centered therapy.
app: more listening than talking
unconditional positive regard
according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person
app: humanistic
counter conditioning
a behavior therapy procedure that conditions new responses to stimuli that trigger unwanted behaviors; based on classical conditioning
app: retraining associations
exposure therapies
behavioral techniques, such as systematic desensitization, that treat anxieties by exposing people (in imagination or actuality) to the things they fear and avoid
app: go in an elevator if you are scared of elevators
systematic desensitization
A type of counterconditioning that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli
app: massage while looking at spiders
virtual reality exposure therapy
an anxiety treatment that progressively exposes people to simulations of their greatest fears, such as airplane flying, spiders, or public speaking
app: exposure therapy through VR
aversive conditioning
a type of counterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with an unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol)
app: spinning chair
token economy
an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or treats
app: reward system
cognitive therapy
therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions
app: Mr. malloy
rational emotive behavior therapy
a confrontational cognitive therapy, developed by Albert Ellis, that vigorously challenges people's illogical, self-defeating attitudes and assumptions
app: you’re wrong
cognitive behavioral therapy
a popular integrative therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self-defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior)
app: Mr malloy? I forget which you are.
group therapy
therapy conducted with groups rather than individuals
app: permitting therapeutic benefits from group interaction
family therapy
therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members
app: Lily
meta-analysis
a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies
app: summation
regression toward the mean
the tendency for extreme or unusual scores to fall back (regress) toward their average.
app: towards the center of the bell
evidence based practice
clinical decision making that integrates the best available research with clinical expertise and patient characteristics and preferences
app: no speculation
theraputic alliance
a bond of trust and mutual understanding between a therapist and client, who work together constructively to overcome the client's problem
app: therapist-client relationship
resilience
the personal strength that helps most people cope with stress and recover from adversity and even trauma
app: stronk
antipsychotic drugs
drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder
app: risperidone (Risperdal), quetiapine (Seroquel), olanzapine (Zyprexa), ziprasidone (Zeldox), paliperidone (Invega), aripiprazole (Abilify) and clozapine (Clozaril).
antianxiety drugs
drugs used to control anxiety and agitation
app: xanax
antidepressant drugs
drugs used to treat depression, anxiety disorders, OCD, and PTSD
app: zoloft
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
a biomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient
app: shocks that may destroy neural pathways
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
the application of repeated pulses of magnetic energy to the brain
app: similar to ECT but magnetic
psychosurgery
surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior
app: anterior capsulotomy, cingulotomy, subcaudate tractotomy and limbic leucotomy.
lobotomy
a psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. The procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain
app: not really used anymore
psychopharmacology
the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior
app: how drugs affect brains
behavior therapy
therapy that applies learning principles to the elimination of unwanted behaviors
app: reteaching behavior
Transference
in psychoanalysis, the patient's transfer to the analyst of emotions linked with other relationships
app: love or hatred towards parents affecting other relationships
Mary Cover Jones
behaviorism/learning; pioneer in systematic desensitization
app: maintained that fear could be unlearned
Joseph Wolpe
described use of systematic desensitization to treat phobias
app: systematic desensitization
Albert Ellis
pioneer in Rational-Emotive Therapy (RET), focuses on altering client's patterns of irrational thinking to reduce maladaptive behavior and emotions
app: RET
Aaron Beck
sought to reverse patient's catastrophizing beliefs about themselves, their situations and futures
app: cognitive therapy
Sigmund Freud
Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis
app: behavior stems from unconsious
B. F. Skinner
English major and writer who entered psychology graduate school and went on to become behaviorism’s most controversial and influential figure.
app: skinner box, operant conditioning
Carl Rogers
American psychologist who was one of the founders of humanistic psychology.
app: person centered psychotherapy
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