ap world test: unit 3

what is a boyar? (definition and significance)

Russian aristocrats who had a lot of wealth and influence at the beginning of Unit 3 but were stripped off their titles and land by Ivan The Terrible and Peter the Great

who was Ivan IV? (definition and significance)

Russian Tsar, westernizer, formally abolished Boyars and made everything merit-based, built up military, added territories to the west

what was the “window on the west”? (definition and significance)

St. Petersburg, Russia’s new capital city built by and named after Peter the Great. Further west and on the water to connect Russia to Western Europe

who was the Akbar? (definition and significance)

King of Mughal Empire, patron of the arts and advocate of religious toleration

what was the devshirme? (definition and significance)

Ottoman system were Christian boys from the Balkans ages 8-18 are collected by the government as “slaves” to work in government or military

what were the janissaries? (definition and significance)

elite soldiers as part of the Devshirme system, known to be educated in gunpowder and cannons

who is the vizier? (definition and significance)

advisors to the Sultan in the Ottoman Empire as part of the Devshirme system, like a right hand-man

who were the zamindars? (definition and significance)

Mughal nobles who were very wealthy and influential at the beginning of Unit 3 due to tax farming, but then became obsolete by the end of Unit 3