GCSE Chemistry Exam Review

These flashcards cover key topics from the GCSE Chemistry exam notes, aimed at helping students review important concepts.

What ions were identified in the salt solution?

Sodium ions and chloride ions.

What is the first step in the method to determine the concentration of sodium chloride?

Weigh an empty evaporating dish.

Why did the student heat the evaporating dish and contents until the mass did not change?

To ensure all the water has evaporated.

How does the student calculate the mass of solid sodium chloride remaining?

Mass of evaporating dish and dry contents minus mass of empty evaporating dish.

What is the mean concentration of sodium ions in sodium chloride if the percentage by mass is 39.3%?

Calculate using the mean concentration of sodium chloride results from trials.

In the Haber process, what is produced?

Ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.

What is the catalyst used in the Haber process?

Iron.

What is one use of ammonium nitrate?

Fertilizer.

What describes the reaction of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas?

Combustion.

What happens to water in the equilibrium reaction H2O ⇌ H+ + OH–?

Water molecules break down and reform at the same rate.

What does potable water mean?

Safe to drink.

How can the purity of a dye be compared in chromatography?

By observing how far the dyes travel on the chromatography paper.

What is gas chromatography?

An instrumental method of chemical analysis.

What is one positive impact of burning hydrogen as a fuel?

It produces water as the only product.

What is one negative impact of burning hydrogen as a fuel?

It may require storage and transport that poses risks.

What is an Rf value?

The ratio of the distance traveled by the compound to the distance traveled by the solvent front.

What is the equation for the reaction when hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water?

2 H2 + O2 → 2 H2O.

How does increasing temperature affect reaction rates?

Increases the rate of reaction.

What is a catalyst?

A substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being consumed.

What is the purpose of using a measuring cylinder in the reaction between zinc and sulfuric acid?

To collect and measure the volume of hydrogen gas produced.

How can increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid affect the rate of reaction?

It can increase the rate of reaction.

What is the main environmental concern when burning hydrocarbons?

It produces carbon dioxide and other pollutants.