Personal Wellness Exam 2

Adenosine Triphosphate

The energy molecule in the body, composed of adenosine and three phosphate groups with high-energy bonds between them

Aerobic Capacity

Sustained work that builds the fitness of the heart and lungs

Aerobic endurance

Sustained work that builds the fitness of the heart and lungs

Anaerobic

Without oxygen

ATP-PCr energy system

Part of the anaerobic energy system, provide the most energy during the first two to three minutes of high-intensity exercise

a-vO2 difference

Arterial-to-venous oxygen difference, used to calculate the volume of blood delivered to the muscles every minute and the amount of oxygen extracted and used by those muscles

Blood volume

Increased by small increases in red blood cells and much larger increases in plasma volume, resulting in a lower blood viscosity and, therefore, improved blood flow.

Capillarization

Response to the body’s need for greater blood flow. The sprouting of new capillaries to carry blood within working tissues

Cardiac output

Cardiorespiratory assessment

Cardiorespiratory exercise

Cardiorespiratory fitness

Cholesterol (HDL-C, LDL-C)

Endorphins

FITT (Frequency, intensity, time or duration, and type)

Frequency

Glucose

Glycogen

Glycolytic energy system

Heart rate

Heart rate monitor

Lactate

Maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max)

Mitochondria

Myoglobin

Oxidative energy system

Perceived exertion

Physical activity

Resting heart rate

Runner’s high

Stroke volume

Target heart rate zone

Actin

Atrophy

Barbell collar

Body composition

Bone matrix

Cardiac muscle

Fascia

Functional capacity

Hypertrophy

Isokinetic

Isometric

Isotonic

Lean body mass

Motor unit

Muscular endurance

Muscular strength

Myofibril

Myosin

One-repetition maximum

Osteoblast

Osteoclast

Osteoporosis

Repetitions

Repetition speed

Resistance training

Resting metabolic rate (RMR)

Sarcomere

Set

Skeletal muscle

Smooth muscle

Variable resistance

Active force

Ball-and-socket Joint

Ballistic stretching

Collagen

Delayed-onset of muscular soreness (DOMS)

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)

Flexibility

Golgi tendon organ

Goniometer

Hinge joint

Hypermobility

Ligament

Mobility

Muscle spindles

Passive force

Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF)

Range of motion (ROM)

Reciprocal inhibition

Sprain

Static stretching

Subluxation

Tendon