old kingdom & first intermediate period terms (exam 1: egyptian history)

What is a sun temple

A temple dedicated to the sun god Ra

built mainly in the 5th dynasty

emphasized the kings role as the “son of Ra”

What is a valley temple

A temple at the edge of the Nile floodplain

part of a (royal) pyramid complex

Used for receiving the kings body and purification rites before burial

ONLY KING WAS PURIFIED HERE

(EXTRA) nile floodplain

Fertile land by Nile river that was enriched annually by the water

main area for farming

(EXTRA) purification rites

Religious rituals that purify the dead (or their temples/tombs) before a burial

What is a Mortuary Temple

Temple near kings pyramid

priests preform daily offerings/ rituals to sustain the king in the afterlife

What is a nome

An administrative district

(Taxes, local government etc)

Who was a nomarch

The governor of a nome

(Important in times of week pharaohs)

What are the pyramid texts

The oldest known religious texts (from old kingdom)

Inscribed in royal pyramids to protect the king and guide him in the afterlife

Who was harkhuf

An old kingdom official and expedition leader to Nubia

his tomb was inscribed with descriptions of his journeys and exp tic gifts he brought to Egypt

(EXTRA) nubia

Modern day Sudan

Southern Egypt

(EXTRA) dancing Pygmy

Small person from nubia

preformed dances

Rare exotic gift

Harkhuf brought one to egypt

Who was weni (uni)

Old kingdom official

Served under several kings

Known for his autobiography

led military complains and judicial reforms

Who was ankhtifi

Nomarch during the first intermediate period

Boasted about feeding his people during famine

Tomb inscription reflects political fragmentation (chaos, emphasizing that the kings control was limited)

What is Herakleopolis

The capital city during the 9th & 10th dynasties

(First intermediate period)

Rival of Thebes

What is pessimistic literature/ admonitions

Middle Kingdom texts describing chaos and disorder

Reflects first intermediate period (but written in Middle Kingdom & later)

relates to Ankhtifi tombs inscriptions

Who was mentuhotep ll

The theban king who reunified Egypt

Around 2050 BCE

Ended first intermediate period and started the beginning of Middle Kingdom