H8 Unit 13: Road to the Civil War

Indifferent view of slavery

don't care, doesn't effect me

Pro-Slavery

for slavery and its spread

Anti-Slavery

against the spread of slavery

Abolitionist

hate slavery and want to end it immediately

Missouri Compromise

Missouri admitted as slave state, Maine as free state, and drew line at bottom of Missouri marking northern extent of slavery

Mexican War

new territories added that threaten to upset the balance between slave and free states

Compromise of 1850

1. California admitted as free state, 2. slave trade banned in Washington, D.C., and 3. Fugitive Slave Act

Fugitive Slave Act

slave owners have the right to arrest suspected runaway slaves without a warrant, even in free states (can hunt slaves down)

Uncle Tom's Cabin

story of slave who is beaten to death by his master, book raised public opinion against slavery in the North, South upset about how they were portrayed

Kansas-Nebraska Act

divided Kansas-Nebraska Territory into Kansas and Nebraska, territories to decide if slave or free via popular sovereignty

popular sovereignty

people of a territory vote to decide if territory to be free or slave

Bleeding Kansas

mini-civil war between free-soilers and border ruffians over whether Kansas would be free or slave

Laymen's Revival

Northern religious movement resulting in commitment to help end slavery

Dred Scott case

Supreme Court case resulting in all territory open to slavery and slaves simply property no matter location in US

Lincoln-Douglas Debates

series of debates btwn Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas for 1858 Illinois Senate seat, main issue slavery, Lincoln loses but considered candidate for 1860 presidential election

Harpers Ferry Raid

federal arsenal captured by John Brown, hoped to incite and arm slave rebellion, Brown captured and executed

Election of 1860

four way race for President bwtn Lincoln, Bell, Breckinridge, and Douglas; Lincoln wins majority of vote

secession

withdrawing formally from a political union

Confederate States of America

the government created by the 11 Southern states after they seceded from the from the United States

Abraham Lincoln

Illinois lawyer, anti-slavery in 1860, 16th President of the US

Stephen Douglas

Illinois Democratic Senator, author of popular sovereignty, ran for President in 1860

Harriet Beecher Stowe

author of "Uncle Tom's Cabin"

John Brown

radical abolitionist, responsible for Pottawatomie (KS) Massacre, led Harpers Ferry Raid in 1859, executed, considered martyr for abolition

slavery

a person who is the property of another and is forced to work for that person without pay

racism

the belief that all members of a race possess characteristics, abilities, or qualities specific to that race, especially so as to distinguish it as inferior or superior to another race

Cotton Kingdom

the 7 deep Southern states where cotton was the major crop

plantations

large farms that usually specialize in growing one kind of crop

slave codes

laws to control slave behavior

Nat Turner

Virginia slave who led a violent rebellion, believing God called him to end slavery

abolition

to do away with slavery

Frederick Douglass

runaway slave who became a powerful abolitionist spokesman

Underground Railroad

a network of people, transportation, and hiding places for fugitives or escaped slaves

Harriet Tubman

most famous Underground Railroad, led more than 300 slaves to freedom

antebellum

before the Civil War

sectionalism

excessive interest in only a region or local area over the general well being of the whole country