General Biology 1 - Lab Exam 1

control and experimental

What are the two groups that undergo an experiment?

1,350 ml

How many milliliters are in 1.35 liters?

Celsius and Kelvin

What are the names of the temperature scales in the metric system?

base

When measuring a liquid, what part of the meniscus do you look at to measure?

0.5

Different levels of precision are required for different experiments and scientific disciplines. For our purposes, a difference of ______ degree is acceptable for the temperature measurements in the lab.

0.001

The prefix milli means ________.

0.000001

The prefix micro means _______.

meter

The metric baseline unit for distance is the ______.

gram

The metric baseline for mass is the _________.

kilograms

6.5 g is equivalent to 0.0065 _______.

0.0000072

Expand 7.2 X 10^-6.

5,400

Expand 5.4 X 10³.

Celsius

On the __________________ temperature scale, water freezes at 0^o.

212, 100

Water boils at ___ degrees F and ___ degrees C.

pipette

What is best for measuring the most accurate volume?

7.62

Convert 3 inches to the equivalent in centimeters.

plasma membrane

All cells possess a ____________ which is a phospholipid bilayer boundary the selectively controls the types of substances entering and exiting the cell.

nucleus

In Eukaryotic cells, what is the organelle that stores genetic information?

cytoplasm

What is the semifluid region inside a plasma membrane that stabilizes and holds all of the internal components of a cell?

ribosome

What is the internal structure of all cells responsible for protein synthesis?

prokaryotes

Small unicellular and diverse organisms that contain no membrane bound organelles and contain the ability to adapt to most environments are called _____________________

eukaryotic

Organisms that contain membrane bound organelles such as a nucleus are considered__________.

Bacteria and Archaea

Which domain are considered prokaryotic?

rough, ribosomes

____________ endoplasmic reticulum is called this name due to this organelle being studded with ________________________.

mitochondria, ATP

_________ is the organelle is responsible for the production of _____ through cellular respiration.

vacuoles

__________________________ is responsible for storing food and waste in eukaryotic cells.

endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus

______ is responsible for protein and lipid synthesis while the _________ modifies these macromolecules to better distributed within and out of the cell.

protist

Which is not considered a kingdom in Domain Eukarya?

chloroplast

This organelle is found in photosynthetic organisms and is the site of photosynthesis.

ribosome

Which of the following structures is shared by ALL cells?:
cell wall
lysosome
ribosome
chloroplast

dissecting

What type of microscope is used to see larger objects or living specimens that can be either transparent or opaque?

false

True or false: A dissecting microscope has a much higher magnification than other compound light microscopes.

oculars

What is the term for the eyepieces of a microscope?

objective

The long moveable lens located above the stage is known as the _______________ lens.

objective lens

On a compound microscope, there are normally different ________________ to achieve different magnifications.

diaphragm

The ______________ is used to improve the contrast for viewing a specimen by controlling light brightness

resolution

________________ is the minimum distance between two points that allows them to be distinguished from each other.

lens tissue

What is used to clean microscope lenses?

false

True or false: When using the highest magnification objective lens, it is safe to use the coarse adjustment to focus the sample on the slide.

dissecting and compound light

What are the two types of microscopes used in your lab?

upside down, inverted

An object appears __________ and ________ under a microscope, as opposed to its appearance to the naked eye.

coarse adjustment knob

What do we call the control that is used to bring an object into approximate focus?

fine adjustment knob

What do we call the control that is used to bring an object into sharp focus?

scanning objective

Which objective lens is the shortest?

high power objective

Which objective lens is the longest?

scanning objective

Which objective should be in place when first viewing a slide?

scanning objective

Which objective should be in place when a microscope is put away?

fine adjustment knob

Only one adjustment knob should be used when the high power objective lens is in place.  Which one?

diaphragm

Rotating this disk changes and controls the amount of light passing through a slide.

stage

A slide rests upon this part of the microscope.

stage clips

What holds the slide in place?

nosepiece

To what revolving part are the objective lenses attached?

parcentral

What is a term that means that the center of the field of view remains the same no matter which objective is rotated into place?

parfocal

What is a term that means that once an objective has been focused, you can rotate to another objective and the image will remain focused?

magnification

What is term that describes how much an image has been enlarged?

contrast

What is a term that describes how well details of a specimen on a microscope slide stands out against their background?

field of view

What is a term for the area or space throughout which you can move a specimen under a microscope and still have it remain in focus?

resolution

What term describes how much detail can be seen in an image?

cells

The most basic units of life are ___________.

prokaryotes

Cells of ___________ do NOT contain nuclei.

plasma membrane

All cells are surrounded by a phospholipid bilayer called the ______.

organelles

______________ are small, membrane-bound structures within eukaryotic cells that perform specialized functions.

Anabaena

Which of the following is a prokaryotic organism?
Anabaena
Rhizopus
Euglena
human
onion

nuclear envelope

What double lipid bilayer encloses the nucleus and separates it from the contents of the cytoplasm?

chloroplast

What organelle below is found in plant cells but not in animal cells?
mitochondria
Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum
nucleus
chloroplast

ribosome

What component inside a cell is responsible for protein synthesis?

mitochondria

Which organelle is most closely associated with cellular energy (ATP) production?

chloroplast

The process of photosynthesis takes place in which organelle?

onion

Cells from which of the following organism would have a cell wall?
dog
mosquito
onion
human
giraffe

Golgi apparatus

Which organelle is responsible for packaging and sorting proteins and lipids in eukaryotic cells?

wet mount slide

What type of slide must be prepared fresh each time and observed immediately? 

prepared slide

What type of slide contains samples that have been preserved and chemically fixed in place?

true

True or false: Both paramecium and euglena are types of protists.

fungi

Rhizopus (black bread mold) belongs to which eukaryotic kingdom or group?

Plantaea

Onions belong to which eukaryotic kingdom or group?

Animalia

Humans belong to which eukaryotic kingdom or group?

field of view

What do the circles represent where you are drawing your observed cells?

contrast

If you use too much light to view your slide, what will be destroyed?

nucleus

What structure(s) was/were most visible in the eukaryotic cells under the microscope?

sucrose

An example of a disaccharide (two monosaccharides bonded together) would be

Benedict’s

What is the name of the reagent you will use in this lab to identify the presence of monosaccharides?

lipid

Which of the biological macromolecules are not typical monomer/polymer forms?

Biuret

What is the name of the reagent you will use in this lab to identify the presence of proteins?

positive

Which control demonstrates the color change that signals a positive result for that test?

monomers

Polymers are composed of smaller individual units called______.

fructose

_____________ is a specific example of a monosaccharide.
fructose
starch
sucrose
vegetable oil

starch

__________ is a specific example of a polysaccharide.
fructose
vegetable oil
sucrose
starch

bright blue

What color is Benedict's reagent before it is added to a sample to be tested?

simple sugar

The Benedict's test is used to determine the presence of which type of biological macromolecule in a sample?

orange

What color will Benedict's reagent turn if it indicates a strongly positive result?

protein

The Biuret and Bradford tests are used to determine the presence of which type of biological macromolecule in a sample?

violet

What color will the Biuret reagent turn if it indicates a positive result? 

brown

What color is the iodine reagent before it is added to a sample to be tested?

starch

The iodine test is used to determine the presence of which type of biological macromolecule in a sample?

purple-black

What color will iodine solution turn if it indicates a positive result?

lipid

Sudan Red (and the emulsion test) is used as a test to detect which category of biological macromolecules?

protein

Amino acids are the building blocks for what type of biological macromolecule?

carbohydrate

Monosaccharides belong to which category of biological macromolecules?