Internal Constancy and Excretion

Homeostasis

The process by which living organisms regulate and maintain their internal environment within narrow ranges to support life.

Water in Homeostasis

Makes up 60-70% of the body

Is vital for metabolic processes, transport of materials

Regulates body temperature.

Oxygen

Essential for releasing energy from nutrients and supporting metabolic processes.

Heat

A form of energy that helps control the rate of metabolic reactions within the body.

Pressure

Includes atmospheric and hydrostatic __________, which is crucial for breathing and maintaining blood flow.

Components in Internal Control Systems

Has sensors, a control center, communication systems, and effectors/targets.

Sensors

Also called receptors, gather information about internal and external conditions to help maintain homeostasis.

Control Center

Also, primarily, the brain—compares sensor information to ideal values and sends responses to maintain homeostasis.

Communication Systems

Transmit messages via nerve impulses or hormones to effectors/targets.